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Alsace
Alsace ( ; Alsatian: ''’s Elsass'' ; German: ''Elsass'', pre-1996 also: ''Elsaß'' ; (ラテン語:Alsatia)) is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area (8,280.2 km2), and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 224 inhabitants per km2 (total population in 2006: 1,815,488; 1 January 2011 estimate: 1,852,325). On 1 January 2016, the region will join Lorraine and Champagne-Ardenne to create a new region, tentatively known as Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (a name will be adopted before 1 July 2016).
Alsace is located on France's eastern border and on the west bank of the upper Rhine adjacent to Germany and Switzerland. The political status of Alsace has been heavily influenced by historical decisions, wars, and strategic politics. The political, economic and cultural capital as well as largest city of Alsace is Strasbourg. The city is the seat of several international organizations and bodies.
The historical language of Alsace is Alsatian, a Germanic (mainly Alemannic) dialect also spoken across the Rhine, but today most Alsatians primarily speak French, the official language of France. 43% of the adult population, and 3% of those 3–17 years old, stated in 2012 that they speak Alsatian.〔() "L'alsacien, deuxième langue régionale de France" Insee, ''Chiffres pour l'Alsace'' no. 12, December 2002〕〔http://www.olcalsace.org/fr/observer-et-veiller/le-dialecte-en-chiffres〕 The place names used in this article are in French; for the German place names, see German place names (Alsace).
==Etymology==
The name "Alsace" can be traced to the Old High German ''Ali-saz'' or ''Elisaz'', meaning "foreign domain". An alternative explanation is from a Germanic ''Ell-sass'', meaning "seated on the Ill",〔Roland Kaltenbach: ''Le guide de l’Alsace'', La Manufacture 1992, ISBN 2-7377-0308-5, page 36〕 a river in Alsace.
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