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Altinum (modern Altino, a ''frazione'' of Quarto d'Altino) is the name of an ancient coastal town of the Veneti〔Ptolemy, ''Geography'' 3.1.30〕 15 km SE of the modern Treviso, northern Italy, on the edge of the lagoons. Located on the eastern coast of that nation, at the mouth of the river Silis, it was first destroyed by Attila in 452 and gradually abandoned by its inhabitants, who sought refuge in the islands of the lagoon, such as Torcello and Burano, in the area where later Venice would be built. Altino has today some 100 inhabitants and a historical museum. ==History== Finds of a necropolis and Venetic funeral inscriptions show that it was a center as early as the 5th century BC, although there are traces of human presence in the area dating to as early as the 6th millennium BC. It increased in importance with the Romanization of the region and, to be specific, with the construction of the Via Annia (131 BC), which passed through, linking Atria with Aquileia. At the end of the Republic, Altinum became a municipium, whose citizens were ascribed to the Roman tribe ''Scaptia''. Augustus and his successors gave it further importance with the construction of the Via Claudia Augusta, which began at Altinum and reached the "limes" of the northeast at the Danube, a distance of some 500 kilometers, by way of Lake Constance. The place, thus, became of considerable strategic and commercial importance, and the comparatively mild climate (considering its northerly situation) led to the erection of villas that Martial〔Martial, ''Epigr''. iv. 25〕 compares with those of Baiae. Strabo wrote that "Altinum too is in a marsh, for the portion it occupies is similar to that of Ravenna", a waterlogged city whose canals were flushed by the tides: "These cities, then, are for the most part surrounded by the marshes, and hence subject to inundations.".〔Strabo, 5,1〕 Co-emperor Lucius Verus died there in 169 AD. Altinum became the seat of a bishopric by the 5th century, the first bishop being Heliodorus of Altino.〔(San Liberale )〕 No longer a residential diocese, it is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.〔''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 830〕 Around 452, Attila the Hun captured the city and burned most of it, along with several other nearby cities. Refugees settled on the islands of the lagoons, forming settlements that eventually became known as Venice. In 568 it was conquered by the Lombards, whose domination spurred further emigration towards the Venetian Lagoon. The Catholic diocese was moved to Torcello in 647. In the 10th-11th centuries, the area of Altinum was totally abandoned; a new settlement appeared in the 15th century, which was to become the nearby Quarto d'Altino. The current ''frazione'' of the latter was founded in the 19th century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Altinum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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