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Alushta (Ukrainian and Russian: Алу́шта; ; ) is a city of regional significance on the southern coast of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in Ukraine claimed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea. It serves as the administrative center of Alushta Municipality, one of the regions Crimea is divided into. Founded in the 6th century AD by Emperor Justinian, today it is a resort town. It is situated at the Black Sea beach line on the road from Hurzuf to Sudak, as well as on the Crimean Trolleybus line. Population: . The area is notable for its arid, rocky terrain due to its proximity to Crimean mountains. During Byzantine times the town was called ''Alouston'' (Ἄλουστον) meaning "Unwashed".〔Variants are Ἄλουστος (masc.), Ἀλοῦστον (neu.), Ἀλούστα (fem.) The feminine form, ''Alusta'', is consistent with it application to a city rather than a fortress. The anhydrous climate likely gave rise to a satirical, anthropomorphic appellation of “unwashed” to the place from a resident(s). Χαραλαμπάκης, Παντελής. “Σκέψεισγια δυο Μεσαιωνικα Τοπωνυμια της Κριμαιαs, (Αλουστου, Παρθενιται)” (on two medieval names of Crimea (Aloustou, Parthenitai ), ''Βυζαντινά Σύμμεικτα'' 23 (2013): 201-216; esp. 203, note 7.〕 Vestiges survive of a Byzantine defensive tower from a fortress of which the city name has derived, as well as a 15th-century Genoese fortress . During the Genoese rule the name modified to ''Lusta''. Adam Mickiewicz dedicated two of his ''Crimean Sonnets'' to Alushta. In 1910, 544 Jews lived in Alushta, consisting about 13% of the town population. In 1939, they consisted only 2.3% of the town overall population, numbering 251 individuals. On 4 November 1941, the Germans occupied the town and on 24 November 1941, a unit of sonderkommando 10b shot to death 30 Jews along with captured communists and partisans. In early December 1941, about 250 Jews from Alushta were shot to death by sonderkommando 11b in the park of trade union sanatorium no. 7, which is today in the local center for children and creativity.〔(The murder of the Jews of Alushta ) during World War II, at Yad Vashem website〕 ==Gallery== File:AlushtaFortress.jpeg|15th century Genoese tower in Alushta. File:Центр Алушта.JPG|Downtown Alushta File:Старинное здание винподвала.JPG|Alushta winery File:Alushta Feodora Stratilata church IMG 2874 01-103-0013.JPG|St. Theodore Church File:Aluštan keskustori.jpg|Main square File:Карло Боссоли. Алушта.jpg|Panorama of Alushta in the 1850s, by Carlo Bossoli 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alushta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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