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''Ama-gi'' is a Sumerian word written ''ama-gi4'' or ''ama-ar-gi4''. It has been translated as "freedom", as well as "manumission", "exemption from debts or obligations", and "the restoration of persons and property to their original status" including the remission of debts. Other interpretations include a "reversion to a previous state"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=amargi )〕 and release from debt, slavery, taxation or punishment. The word originates from the noun ''ama'' "mother" (sometimes with the enclitic dative case marker ''ar''), and the present participle ''gi4'' "return, restore, put back", thus literally meaning "returning to mother".〔(A Descriptive Grammar of Sumerian )〕 Assyriologist Samuel Noah Kramer has identified it as the first known written reference to the concept of freedom. Referring to its literal meaning "return to the mother", he wrote in 1963 that "we still do not know why this figure of speech came to be used for "freedom."" The earliest known usage of the word was in the reforms of Urukagina. By the Third Dynasty of Ur, it was used as a legal term for the manumission of individuals.〔 It is related to the Akkadian word ''anduraāru(m)'', meaning "freedom", "exemption" and "release from (debt) slavery".〔 A number of Libertarian organizations have adopted the cuneiform glyph as a symbol. It is used as a logo by the ''Instituto Político para la Libertad'' of Peru,〔 〕 and another version is a trademarked logo of the Libertarian publishing firm, Liberty Fund.〔 〕 ==See also== *Libertarianism *Urukagina 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ama-gi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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