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Amman
Amman (; (アラビア語:عمّان)), is the capital and most populous city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political and cultural center. Situated in north-central Jordan, Amman is the administrative center of the Amman Governorate. It has an estimated population of 4,000,000 and a land area of .〔 Today, Amman is considered to be among the most liberal and westernized Arab cities,〔 it is a major tourist destination in the region, particularly among Arab and European tourists.
The history of Amman dates back to 7250 BC, which makes it one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. First inhabitance was in a Neolithic village called 'Ain Ghazal. The city was later known as "Rabbath Ammon", which was the capital of the Ammonites, then as "Philadelphia", and finally as Amman. It was initially built on seven hills but now spans over 19 hills combining 27 districts, which are administered by the Greater Amman Municipality headed by its mayor Aqel Biltaji. Areas of Amman have either gained their names from the hills (Jabal) or valleys (Wadi) they lie on, such as Jabal Lweibdeh and Wadi Abdoun.〔 East Amman is predominantly filled with historical sites that frequently host cultural activities, while West Amman is more modern and serves as the economic center of the city.
Approximately 1.9 million visitors arrived in Amman in 2014, which ranked it as the 84th most visited city in the world and the 4th most visited Arab city. Amman has a relatively fast growing economy, also it is ranked Beta− on the global city index. Moreover, it was named as one of the Middle East and North Africa's best cities according to economic, labor, environmental, and socio-cultural factors. The city is among the most popular locations in the Arab world for multinational corporations to set up their regional offices, alongside Doha and only behind Dubai. Furthermore, it is expected that in the next 10 years these three cities will capture the largest share of multinational corporation activity in the region.
==Etymology==
Amman derives its name from the 13th century BC when the Ammonites named it "Rabbath Ammon" with the term ''Rabbath'' meaning the "Capital" or the "King's Quarters". Over time, the term "Rabbath" was no longer used and the city became known as "Ammon". The influence of new civilizations that conquered the city gradually changed its name to "Amman".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About GAM => History )〕 In the Hebrew Bible, it is referred to as "Rabbat ʿAmmon" (Tiberian Hebrew ''Rabbaṯ ʿAmmôn''). However, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, the Macedonian ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom who reigned from 283 to 246 BC, renamed the city to "Philadelphia" (Ancient Greek: Φιλαδέλφεια; literally: "brotherly love") after occupying it. The name was given as an adulation to his own nickname, Philadelphus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2015-09-22 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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