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Chimantá Massif
The Chimantá Massif is a highly fragmented complex of tepuis in Bolívar state, Venezuela. The massif comprises around 11 tepuis〔Briceño, H., C. Schubert & J. Paolini (1990). Table-mountain geology and surficial geochemistry: Chimantá Massif, Venezuelan Guayana Shield. ''Journal of South American Earth Sciences'' 3(4): 179–194. 〕 and has a total summit area of and an estimated slope area of .〔Huber, O. (1995). Geographical and physical features. In: P.E. Berry, B.K. Holst & K. Yatskievych (eds.) ''Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Volume 1. Introduction.'' Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. pp. 1–61.〕 It is divided in two by the Río Tírica, with the northern section being both larger and higher. The massif is notable for its high species richness and for its varied habitat types.〔 It reaches an elevation of 〔Nogué, S., V. Rull, E. Montoya, O. Huber & T. Vegas-Vilarrúbia (October 2009). Paleoecology of the Guayana Highlands (northern South America): Holocene pollen record from the Eruoda-tepui, in the Chimantá massif. ''Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology'' 281(1–2): 165–173. 〕 on its highest peak, Murey-tepui (also known as Eruoda-tepui).〔 The massif is situated entirely within the bounds of Canaima National Park.〔 Torres, I.N. & D.D. Martín (November 2007). Mejorando Nuestra Herencia.〕 It hosts extensive cave systems, including the world's largest known quartzite cave, Cueva Charles Brewer, named after discoverer Charles Brewer-Carías.〔Aubrecht, R., C. Brewer-Carías, B. Šmída, M. Audy & Ľ. Kováčik (30 January 2008). Anatomy of biologically mediated opal speleothems in the world's largest sandstone cave: Cueva Charles Brewer, Chimantá Plateau, Venezuela. ''Sedimentary Geology'' 203(3–4): 181–195. 〕〔 Brewer-Carías, C. (2011). (El Sistema Charles Brewer: la cueva de cuarcita más grande del mundo ). ''Río Verde'' 4: 67–84.〕〔 Brewer-Carías, C. (2010). (El origen de los tepuyes: los hijos de las estrellas ). ''Río Verde'' 3: 54–69.〕 The processes behind their speleogenesis are the subject of some debate.〔Aubrecht, R., T. Lánczos, M. Gregor, J. Schlögl, B. Šmída, P. Liščák, C. Brewer-Carías & L. Vlček (15 September 2011). Sandstone caves on Venezuelan tepuis: return to pseudokarst? ''Geomorphology'' 132(3–4): 351–365. 〕〔Sauro, F., L. Piccini, M. Mecchia & J. De Waele (2013). Comment on "Sandstone caves on Venezuelan tepuis: return to pseudokarst?" by R. Aubrecht, T. Lánczos, M. Gregor, J. Schlögl, B. Smída, P. Liscák, Ch. Brewer-Carías, L. Vlcek, Geomorphology 132 (2011), 351–365. ''Geomorphology'', published online on 29 November 2012. 〕〔Aubrecht, R., T. Lánczos, M. Gregor, J. Schlögl, B. Šmída, P. Liščák, C. Brewer-Carías & L. Vlček (2013). Reply to the comment on "Sandstone caves on Venezuelan tepuis: return to pseudokarst?". ''Geomorphology'', published online on 30 November 2012. 〕
The isolated southern peaks of Angasima-tepui and Upuigma-tepui are sometimes considered part of the Chimantá Massif.〔〔 (Adankasima ). ClimTepuyes.〕
==Tepuis==
The major tepuis of the northern and southern parts of the Chimantá Massif are listed below. Coordinates given correspond to the approximate centre points of the tepui summit plateaus. Unless otherwise indicated, all information in the tables is sourced from ''Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana''.〔
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