|
Anacharsis (; (ギリシア語:Ἀνάχαρσις)) was a Scythian philosopher who travelled from his homeland on the northern shores of the Black Sea to Athens in the early 6th century BC and made a great impression as a forthright, outspoken "barbarian". Reputedly a forerunner of the Cynics, none of his works has survived. ==Life== Anacharsis the son of Gnurus,〔Herodotus, iv. 76; Diogenes Laertius, i. 101; although Lucian, (''Scytha'') calls him the son of Daucetas.〕 a Scythian chief, was half Greek and from a mixed Hellenic culture, apparently in the region of the Cimmerian Bosporus. He left his native country to travel in pursuit of knowledge, and came to Athens about 589 BC,〔Sosicrates, ap Diogenes Laertius, i. 101〕 at a time when Solon was occupied with his legislative measures. According to the story recounted by Hermippus,〔Hermippus, ap Diogenes Laertius, i. 101-2〕 Anacharsis arrived at the house of Solon and said, "I have traveled here from afar to make you my friend." Solon replied, "It's better to make friends at home." Thereupon the Scythian replied, "Then it is necessary for you, being at home, to make friends with me." Solon laughed and accepted him as his friend. Anacharsis cultivated the outsider's knack of seeing the illogic in familiar things. For example, Plutarch remarks that he "expressed his wonder at the fact that in Greece wise men spoke and fools decided."〔Plutarch ''Solon'' 5 s:Lives (Dryden translation)/Solon#5〕 His conversation was droll and frank, and Solon and the Athenians took to him as a sage and philosopher. His rough and free discourse became proverbial among Athenians as 'Scythian discourse'.〔Diogenes Laertius, i. 101〕 Anacharsis was the first foreigner (metic) who received the privileges of Athenian citizenship. He was reckoned by some ancient authors as one of the Seven Sages of Greece,〔Diogenes Laertius, i. 41-2〕 and it is said that he was initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries of the Great Goddess, a privilege denied to those who did not speak fluent Greek. According to Herodotus,〔Herodotus, iv, 76; comp. Diogenes Laertius, i. 102〕 when Anacharsis returned to the Scythians he was killed by his own brother for his Greek ways and especially for the impious attempt to sacrifice to the Mother Goddess Cybele, whose cult was unwelcome among the Scythians. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anacharsis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|