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The Anartes 〔Jan Czarnecki (1975) 120〕 a.k.a. ''Anarti'', ''Anartii'' or ''Anartoi'' 〔Jan Czarnecki (1975) 120〕 were Celtic tribes, or, in the case of those sub-groups of Anartes which penetrated the ancient region of Dacia (roughly mod. Romania), Celts culturally assimilated by the Dacians.〔Oltean Ioana A (2007) 47〕 Ptolemy's ''Geographia'' locates the ''Anartoi'' in Dacia.〔Jan Czarnecki (1975) 119〕〔Ioana A Oltean (2007) Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization, ISBN 0-415-41252-8, 2007, page 47〕 Some groups of Anartes occupied parts of modern Slovakia and southeastern Poland.〔"It is possible to separate the group of La Tène culture (Celtic settlement) in the Upper Tisza Basin. For the time being there are circa 160 sites noted. They can be divided into several distinct categories which include the following: settlements, production areas, sepulchral sites, i. e. burial grounds and single graves as well as various hoards (deposits of coins and tools). Moreover, there are three oppida: Zemplin, Bükkszentlászló and Galish-Lovačka. The chronology of the whole group lies between LT B1-LT D1/D2. Especially interesting is the problem of correspondence between this group and the group of sites in southeast Poland. Material connections are also documented in ancient sources. They allow to identify the group from the Upper Tisza as the Anarti tribe and the group from southeast Poland as the Anartophracti, which is a part of the former. () Marek Olędzki. "La Tène culture in the Upper Tisza Basin =La Culture de la Tėne dans le Bassin de la Haute Tisza". Ethnographisch-archaeologische Zeitschrift. Berlin. ISSN 0012-7477".〕 The Dacian town of ''Docidava'' was situated in the territory of the Anartes, according to Pârvan.〔Parvan (1926) 749〕 The ''Anartophracti'' (or ''Anartofraktoi'') are mentioned by Ptolemy. This tribe's name appears to be compound Latin-Greek name and may be related to the ''Anartoi'' resident in Dacia, Czarnecki argues.〔Jan Czarnecki (1975) 119〕 The ''Anartofraktoi'' were a northern Dacian tribe, according to Braune〔Wilhelm Braune, Hermann Paul, Eduard Sievers (1916)Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur, Volume 41, M. Niemeyer〕〔Schutte, Gudmund (1917) 99〕 or mixed Dacian-Celtic, according to Pârvan.〔Parvan (1926) 222-223〕 In ancient sources, the earliest mention of the Anartes is in the Elogium of Tusculum (10 BC).〔(InscrIt_13.3.91 )〕 In ''De Bello Gallico'', an account of his own campaigns in the Gallic Wars (58-51 BC), Julius Caesar wrote (VI.25.1): "The Hercynian Forest begins in the territories of the Helvetii, Nemeti and Rauraci and stretches, for a distance of 9 days' journey for a fast traveler, along the Danube as far as the borders of the Daci and the Anartes". Around AD 172, the Anartes refused to assist the Romans in their war against the Marcomanni. To punish them, the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius ordered the deportation of (all?) the Anartes from their native homelands to the Roman province of Pannonia Inferior, a movement which took place not later than AD 180. == Archaeological evidence == The Anartes were probably identical with, or constituted a significant part of, the archaeological Púchov culture in Slovakia, which included the centres of Zemplín, Bükkszentlászló and Galish-Lovačka〔La Tène culture in the Upper Tisza Basin. (EAZ. Jahrgang 41, 2000 )〕 During the late La Tène period, mixed settlements of Celts and Dacians spread over the eastern Slovak lowlands with Zemplin at its center, according to Husovska.〔Ludmilá Husovská (1998) “Slovakia: walking through centuries of cities and towns”, Priroda, page 187〕 According to Ioana Oltean, archaeological excavation has revealed that some Celtic tribes (Anartes, Teurisci) had migrated eastwards as far as Transylvania, where they were eventually assimilated by the Dacians.〔Oltean Ioana A (2007) 47〕 Even though some groups of Anartes advanced as far as the Transylvanian plateau, the main area of their domination was to the West of it, Macrea & Filip argue.〔Macrea and Filip (1970) 893〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anartes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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