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Anavastha
Anavastha (Sanskrit: अनवस्था) is a Sanskrit nominal compound derived from the verb ''Stha'' (meaning standing, resting, grounded or founded). This expression literally means - that which does not stand down, non-resting, unstable, holding no definite position, un-grounded or without foundation, it also means unsettled condition or character and absence of finality or conclusion. As a philosophical term it refers to the non-finality of a proposition or endless series of statements or ''regressus ad infinitum'' (infinite regress). In Hindi language, as a noun Anavastha means Nothingness.
==Overview==
In Indian thought and Indian logic ''Anavastha'' is an important doctrine. All major schools of philosophy have examined and commented upon this concept and laid down guidelines so as to avoid the endless series of statements and propositions and the non-finality of those propositions. Certain aphorisms of Pāṇini, in his Ashtadhyayi indicate that ''asiddhatva'' leads to ''anavastha'' since rules which cause endless repetition of application cannot be there because application of a rule should certainly result in finality. The word अत्र of Sutra 6.4.22 indicates that two rules must have the same आश्रय or place of operation but where their places of operation are different they are not ''asiddha'' to each other.
The automatic application of ''sutras'' (rules of grammar) to take place without generating unintended results requires the establishment of a particular sequence among the rules and also the provision for cyclical application as well as blocking of some rules whenever it is desirable to do so. Panini orders rules and methods for their activation, reactivation and non-activation, and provides that the results brought about by some rules will not be 'known' to certain other rules, so that the question of these other rules becoming activated does not arise. The best example of the application of this method is known as ''Asiddhatva''. He uses the concept of ''Asiddhatva'' to prevent the application of a rule on the substitute, to enable its application on a substituent and to mandate its application. According to Kiparsky’s definitions, ''Asiddhatva'' implies 'no order of taking effect' since ''asiddha'' means 'not having taken effect'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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