|
| national_anthem = | ethnic_groups = 36.6% Andorran 33.0% Spanish 16.3% Portuguese 6.3% French 7.8% others | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = Andorran | official_languages = Catalana | recognised_languages = | national languages = | capital = Andorra la Vella | latd=42 |latm=30 |latNS=N |longd=1 |longm=31 |longEW=E | largest_city = capital | government_type = Unitary parliamentary diarchy | leader_title1 = Monarchs | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = Representative | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = Head of Government | leader_name3 = Antoni Martí | legislature = General Council of Andorra | sovereignty_type = Independence | established_event1 = Paréage from the Crown of Aragon | established_date1 = 1278 | accessionEUdate = | area_km2 = 467.63 | area_sq_mi = 180.55 | area_rank = 191st | percent_water = 0.26 (121.4 ha)b | population_estimate = 85,458 | population_estimate_year = 2014 | population_estimate_rank = | population_census = | population_census_year = 2014 | population_density_km2 = 179.8 | population_density_sq_mi = 465.7 | population_density_rank = 71st | GDP_nominal_year = 2008 | GDP_nominal = $4.510 billion | GDP_nominal_rank = 155th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $53,383〔() 〕 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 9th | Gini_year = 2003 | Gini_change = | Gini = 27.21 | Gini_ref = c | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = decrease | HDI = 0.830 | HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = 37th | currency = Euro (€)d | currency_code = EUR | time_zone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | time_zone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | drives_on = right | cctld = .ade | calling_code = +376 | footnote_a = (Constitution of Andorra ), Article 2.1. Spanish, French, and Portuguese are also widely spoken and understood (see Languages of Andorra.) | footnote_b = Girard P & Gomez P (2009), (Lacs des Pyrénées: Andorre ). | footnote_c = (【引用サイトリンク】title=Informe sobre l'estat de la pobresa i la desigualtat al Principal d'Andorra (2003) ) | footnote_d = Before 1999, the French franc and Spanish peseta; the coins and notes of both currencies, however, remained legal tender until 2002. Small amounts of Andorran diners (divided into 100 centim) were minted after 1982. | footnote_e = Also .cat, shared with Catalan-speaking territories. }} Andorra (; , ), officially the Principality of Andorra ((カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:Principat d'Andorra)), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra〔Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia, 1993〕 (), is a sovereign landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France. Andorra is the sixth-smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and a population of approximately 85,000.〔 Its capital Andorra la Vella is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3164.htm )〕 Andorra's tourism services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually.〔() 〕 It is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is the ''de facto'' currency. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993. The people of Andorra have one of the highest life expectancies in the world and as of December 2014, according to ''The Lancet'', have the highest in the world, at 81 years in 2013. ==Etymology== The origin of the word ''Andorra'' is unknown, although several theories have been formulated. The oldest derivation of the word ''Andorra'' is from the Greek historian Polybius (The Histories III, 35, 1) who describes the ''Andosins'', an Iberian Pre-Roman tribe, as historically located in the valleys of Andorra and facing the Carthaginian army in its passage through the Pyrenees during the Punic Wars. The word ''Andosini'' or ''Andosins'' (Aνδοσίνους) may derive from the Basque ''handia'' whose meaning is "big" or "giant".〔''Diccionari d'Història de Catalunya''; ed. 62; Barcelona; 1998; ISBN 84-297-3521-6; p. 42; entrada "Andorra"〕 The Andorran toponymy shows evidence of Basque language in the area. Another theory suggests that the word ''Andorra'' may derive from the old word ''Anorra'' that contains the Basque word ''ur'' (water). One theory suggests that ''Andorra'' may derive from Arabic ''al-Darra'', meaning "The pearl" (الدرا). When the Moors invaded the Iberian Peninsula, the valleys of the Pyrenees were formed by large tracts of forest and other regions and towns, also dominated by Muslims, received this designation. Other theories suggest that the term derives from the Navarro-Aragonese ''andurrial'', which means "land covered with bushes" or "scrubland". The folk etymology holds that Charlemagne had named the region as a reference to the Biblical Canaanite valley of ''Endor'' or ''Andor'' (where the Midianites had been defeated), a name also bestowed by their heir and son Louis le Debonnaire after defeating the Moors in the "wild valleys of Hell". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andorra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|