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Andújar is a Spanish municipality of 38,539 people (2005) in the province of Jaén, in Andalusia. The municipality is divided by the Guadalquivir River. The northern part of the municipality is where the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andújar is situated. To the south are agricultural fields and countryside. The city proper located on the right bank of the Guadalquivir and the Madrid-Córdoba railway. Andújar is widely known for its porous earthenware jars, called ''alcarrazas'' or ''botijos'', which keep water cool in the hottest weather, and are manufactured from a whitish clay found in the neighbourhood. == Antiquity == Paleolithic artifacts have been found in the area, associated with the Acheulean Culture, but it is during the Neolithic Age when the area became increasingly populated, with agriculture being developed in the fertile land, and mining activities beginning in the Sierra Morena. According to archaeological studies, the first people who inhabited the area where the Oretani, an Iberian people, who founded in the area the town of ''Isturgi'', today occupied by the hamlet of Los Villares de Andújar.〔Pau, C.; Ruiz Parrondo, A., ''Historia de Andújar: Capítulo I: Andújar en la Antigüedad'' (Torredonjimeno: Chamocho Cantudo, M.A., 2009)〕 Isturgi should not be identified with the ancient town of Illiturgis, which was situated on the hill called Máquiz (Mengíbar). Nevertheless, ''iliturgitano'' is used to describe an inhabitant of Andújar. Isturgi had contact with various peoples: Turdetani, Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, and other towns, such as ''Obulco'' (Porcuna) and Castulo. During the times of the Roman Empire, the ''Municipium Isturgi Triumphale'' was part of the province of Hispania Ulterior and then Hispania Baetica and the area known as the ''Conventus Cordubensis''. It flourished due to its production of Terra sigillata and its location on the Guadalquivir. After the fall of the Roman Empire, it existed as a Visigothic town named ''Sturgi''. But with the invasion of the Moors in the 8th century, the population fled to what are now the actual limits of the town of Andújar, where they may have already existed an Ibero-Roman settlement. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andújar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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