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:''"Anglo-Catholic" and "Anglican Catholic" redirect here. For the Roman Catholic Church in England, see Catholic Church in England and Wales. For Anglicans who have joined the Roman Catholic Church, see Anglican Use and Personal ordinariates.'' The terms Anglo-Catholicism, Anglican Catholicism and Catholic Anglicanism refer to people, beliefs and practices within Anglicanism that emphasise the Catholic heritage and identity of the various Anglican churches. The term "Anglo-Catholic" was coined in the early 19th century,〔.〕 although movements emphasising the Catholic nature of Anglicanism had already existed.〔.〕〔.〕 Particularly influential in the history of Anglo-Catholicism were the Caroline Divines of the seventeenth century and later the leaders of the Oxford Movement, which began at the University of Oxford in 1833 and ushered in a period of Anglican history known as the "Catholic Revival".〔.〕 A minority of Anglo-Catholics, sometimes called Anglican Papalists, consider themselves under papal supremacy even though they are not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. Such Anglo-Catholics, especially in England, often celebrate Mass according to the contemporary Roman Catholic rite and are concerned with seeking reunion with the Roman Catholic Church. In addition, members of the personal ordinariates for former Anglicans created by Pope Benedict XVI are sometimes unofficially referred to as "Anglican Catholics".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://www.catholicculture.org/news/headlines/index.cfm?storyid=12832 )〕 ==History== Following the passing of the Act of Supremacy and Henry VIII's break with the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England continued to adhere to traditional Catholic teachings and did not initially make any alterations to doctrine.〔Scruton, Roger (1996). ''A Dictionary of Political Thought''. Macmillan. p. 470. ISBN 978-0-333-64786-8〕 The ''Ten Articles'' were published in 1536 and constitute the first official Anglican articles of faith.〔Schofield, John (2006). ''Philip Melanchthon and the English Reformation'', Ashgate Publishing. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-7546-5567-1〕 The articles for the most part concurred with the pre-Reformation teachings of the Church in England and defended, among other things, the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, the sacrament of confession, the honouring and invocation of saints and prayer for the dead.〔Bray, Gerald L. (2004) ''Documents of the English Reformation''. James Clarke & Co. p 164-174. ISBN 978-0-227-17239-1〕 Belief in purgatory, however, was made non-essential.〔Article 10 states: "but forasmuch as the place where they be, the name thereof, and kind of pains there, also be to us uncertain by Scripture; therefore this with all other things we remit to Almighty God, unto whose mercy it is meet and convenient for us to commend them, trusting that God accepteth our prayers for them"〕 This was followed by the ''Bishops' Book'' in 1537, a combined effort by numerous clergy and theologians which, though not strongly Protestant in its inclinations, showed a slight move towards Reformed positions and was unpopular with conservative sections of the Church and quickly grew to be disliked by Henry VIII as well.〔Nicholls, Mark (1998). ''A History of the Modern British Isles, 1529-1603: The Two Kingdoms''. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-631-19334-0〕 The ''Six Articles'', released two years later, moved away from all Reformed ideas and strongly affirmed Catholic positions regarding matters such as transubstantiation and Mass for the dead.〔Carrington, C. E., Jackson, Hambden K. (2011). ''A History of England''. Cambridge University Press. p. 270. ISBN 978-1-107-64803-6〕〔Hillerbrand, Hans J. (2002). ''The Division of Christendom''. Westminster/John Knox Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-664-22402-8〕 The ''King's Book'', the official article of religion written by Henry in 1543, likewise expressed Catholic sacramental theology and encouraged prayer for the dead.〔Richter, Daniel K. (2011). ''Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts''. Harvard University Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-674-05580-3〕 A major shift in Anglican doctrine came in the reign of Henry's son, Edward VI, who repealed the ''Six Articles''〔Simon, Joan (1979). ''Education and Society in Tudor England''. Cambridge University Press. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-521-29679-3〕 and under whose rule the Church of England became more identifiably Protestant. Though the Church's practices and approach to the sacraments became strongly influenced by those of continental reformers,〔Pavlac, Brian Alexander (2011). ''A Concise Survey of Western Civilization: Supremacies and Diversities Throughout History''. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 182. ISBN 978-1-4422-0555-0〕 it nevertheless retained episcopal church structure.〔Bagchi, David V. N., Steinmetz, David C. (2004). ''The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology''. Cambridge University Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-521-77662-2〕 The Church of England was then briefly reunited with the Roman Catholic Church under Mary, before separating again under Elizabeth I. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was an attempt to end the religious divisions among Christians in England, and is often seen as an important event in Anglican history, ultimately laying the foundations for the "''via media''" concept of Anglicanism.〔.〕 The nature of early Anglicanism was to be of great importance to the Anglo-Catholics of the 19th century, who would argue that their beliefs and practices were common during this period and were inoffensive to the earliest members of the Church of England.〔.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anglo-Catholicism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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