|
Anti-Katyn ((ポーランド語:Anty-Katyń), (ロシア語:Анти-Катынь)) is a propaganda campaign intended to reduce the impact of the Katyn massacre of 1940 — when approximately 22,000 Polish citizens were murdered by the NKVD on the orders of Joseph Stalin — by referencing the deaths of thousands of Russian and Red Army soldiers at Polish internment camps from 1919–1924. "Anti-Katyn" first emerged around 1990 when the Soviet government admitted that it had previously tried to cover up its responsibility for the massacre by claiming that it was perpetrated by the Nazi German army after the commencement of Operation Barbarossa. Polish historian Andrzej Nowak summarized "Anti-Katyn" as an attempt by some Russian historians and publicists to "overshadow the memory of the crimes of the Soviet system against the Poles, creating imaginary analogies or even justification" because of the earlier deaths of the prisoners of war.〔 ==Background== (詳細はWarsaw Pact in the midst of ''perestroika'', Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachyov and Polish leader Wojciech Jaruzelski signed a declaration about cooperation in the issues of ideology, on the base of which a Poland–Soviet commission on the history of Polish Soviet relations (Советско-польская комиссия по изучению истории двух стран).〔''Note'', more recently, in 2002 the Polish-Russian Group on Difficult Issues (:pl:Polsko-Rosyjska Grupa do Spraw Trudnych) was established. 〕 One of the most "difficult issues" was the World War II massacre of approximately 22,000 Polish citizens, who were executed and buried in mass graves in several places including Katyn, Smolensk Oblast, less than a year after the coordinated Nazi-German and Soviet invasion of Poland.〔 In 1943, by which time Smolensk had become German-occupied Soviet territory, the Katyn mass graves were discovered by German telephone and communication workers.〔 The Soviet Union officially denied responsibility; a Soviet commission blamed the deaths on Nazi Germany during the Nuremberg Trials.〔 Under the subsequent communist regimes in Poland and the Soviet Union, the Katyn massacre was not subject to further investigation, even as a potential war crime committed by the Germans.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What Can Dead Prisoners Do )〕 Georgy Smirnov, head of the archival Institute of Marxism-Leninism, was tasked with leading a full investigation. In 1990, the Soviet Union officially admitted that the NKVD committed the massacre on the orders of Josef Stalin following a recommendation by Lavrenty Beria. Gorbachyov condemned it as another example of Stalinism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anti-Katyn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|