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An anti-language or cant is the language of a social group which develops as a means of preventing people from outside the group understanding it. It may use the same vocabulary and grammar, but in an unorthodox fashion. Examples of anti-languages include cockney rhyming slang, CB slang, the ''grypsera'' of Polish prisons, thieves' cant, Polari,〔"(Polari: The Lost Language of Gay Men )", Lancaster University. ''Department of Linguistics and English Language''.〕 and possibly Bangime.〔Bradley M, "The secret ones", ''New Scientist'', 31 May 2014, pp. 42-45〕 == Analysis == The concept was studied by the linguist M. A. K. Halliday who used the term for the lingua franca of an anti-society which is set up within another society, as a conscious alternative to it, and which indicates linguistic accomplishments of the users in action. According to Halliday, "metaphorical modes of expression are the norm".〔Halliday (1975) pp. 570〕 He compiled a list of criteria for an anti-language. # An anti-society is a society which is set up within another society as a conscious alternative to it. # Like the early records of the languages of exotic cultures, the information usually comes to us in the form of word lists. # The simplest form taken by an anti-language is that of new words for old: it is a language relexicalised # The principal is that of same grammar, different vocabulary. # Effective communication depends on exchanging meanings which are inaccessible to the layperson. # The anti-language is not just an optional extra, it is the fundamental element in the existence of the “second life” phenomenon. # The most important vehicle of reality-maintenance is conversation. All who employ this same form of communication are reality-maintaining others. # The anti-language is a vehicle of resocialisation. # There is continuity between language and anti-language. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anti-language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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