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An Antiphonary, Antiphonal, "Antiphony" or Antiphoner (Latin ''antiphonarium, antiphonarius, antiphonarius liber, antiphonale''; Greek ''’antíphonon, antiphon, antiphone, anthem'') is one of the liturgical books intended for use ''in choro'' (i. e. in the liturgical choir), and originally characterized, as its name implies, by the assignment to it principally of the antiphons used in various parts of the Roman liturgy. In current usage Antiphoner refers more narrowly to books containing the chants for the Divine Office in distinction to the Gradual (''Graduale'' or more rarely ''antiphonarium Missarum''), which contains the antiphons used for the Mass. The discussion below is almost entirely drawn from the 1908 article in the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. Subsequent developments have been the replacement of the Ratisbon editions with the Vatican edition of 1912 and the publication of the ''Antiphonale monasticum'' (1934) produced by the Benedictines of Solesmes, In 1971 the Office was drastically revised and renamed the Liturgy of the Hours (''Liturgia Horarum'') and new books appeared: the ''Psalterium monasticum'' (1981) and the ''Liber hymnarius'' (1982). ==Scope== It thus included generically the antiphons and antiphonal chants sung by cantor, congregation, and choir at Mass (''antiphonarium Missarum'', or graduale) and at the canonical Hours ('' antiphonarium officii''); but now it refers only to the sung portions of the Divine Office or Breviary. Other English equivalents for ''antiphonary'' are ''antiphonar'' (still in reputable use) and ''antiphoner'' (considered obsolete by some English lexicographers, but still sometimes used in current liteature). In the "Prioress' Tale" of Chaucer it occurs in the form "antiphonere": :''He Alma Redemptoris herde synge :''As children lerned hir antiphonere. The word Antiphonary had in the earlier Middle Ages sometimes a more general, sometimes a more restricted meaning. In its present meaning it has also been variously and insufficiently defined as a "Collection of antiphons in the notation of Plain Chant", and as a liturgical book containing the antiphons "and other chants". In its present complete form it contains, in plain-chant notation, the music of all the sung portions of the Roman Breviary immediately placed with the texts, with the indications of the manner of singing such portions as have a common melody (such as versicles and responses, the Psalms, the Lessons, the Chapters). But the Lessons of Matins (First Nocturn) in the triduum of Holy Week, styled "Lamentations", have a melody proper to themselves, which is not therefore merely indicated but is placed immediately with the texts of the Lessons. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Antiphonary」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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