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Ar-pi-uck-i
Ar-pi-uck-i, also known as Sam Jones,〔(Treaty With The Seminole, May 9, 1832. | 7 Stat., 368. |Proclamation, April 12, 1834.Indian Affairs: Laws And Treaties Vol. II, Treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler. Washington : Government Printing Office, 1904. page images: 344, 345 )〕 (ca. 1760, Georgia〔(American Indian Biographies, Revised Edition, Edited by Carole Barrett, University of Mary, and Harvey Markowitz, Washington and Lee University, Project Editor R. Kent Rasmussen, SALEM PRESS, INC., Pasadena, California, and Hackensack, New Jersey, 2005, pdf/Acrobat Adobe format, page 16 )〕 – ca. 1860, Florida〔(Barrett and Markowitz, pdf/Acrobat Adobe format, page 16 )〕) was a powerful spiritual ''alektca'' (medicine chief) and war chief of the Miccosukee,〔archaic: Mikasuki, Mickasooke〕 a Seminole-Muscogee Creek tribe of the Southeast United States. Ar-pi-uck-i successfully defied the U.S. government and refused to remove to the Indian Territory west of the Mississippi and his influential leadership in the Second Seminole War (1835–1842) resulted in the permanent Native American presence in Florida.
==Name==
The phonetic spelling of his name varies to include: Aripeka,〔The Exiles of Florida by Joshua R. Giddings, 1858〕〔Florida Place-Names of Indian Origin and Seminole Personal Names by William A. Read, Louisiana State University Press, 1934〕〔The Story of Florida's Seminole Indians by Wilfred T. Neill, Seaside Press, 1956〕 Aripeika,〔(Florida Facts, Cultural & Historical Programs, Florida Department of State, website )〕 Opoica,〔(Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 9, No. 4, December, 1931, REPORT OF CHEROKEE DEPUTATION INTO FLORIDA, Grant Foreman, Page 423 )〕 Arpeika,〔(The Seminole Indians of the State of Florida, Paintiff, v The United States of America, Defendant, Docket No. 73-A, 25 Ind. C1. Comm 25, Before the Indians Claims Commission, Decided March 24, 1971, pdf/Adobe Acrobat format )〕 Abiaka,〔(as recognized by the Seminole Tribe of Florida, History, Where We Came From, Osceola and Abiaka, The Seminole Tribe of Florida website )〕 Apiaka,〔Read, 1934〕 Apeiaka,〔 Appiaca,〔 Appiacca,〔(25th CONGRESS, 2d Session. (SENATE.) (507) MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TRANSMITTING A report from Major General Jesup of his operations whilst commanding the army in Florida, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 6th instant. JULY 7, 1838, Digital Library of Georgia at the University of Georgia Libraries )〕 Apayaka Hadjo (Crazy Rattlesnake).〔 The name is derivative of the Muscogee word, ''Abihka'', the name of an ancient Muscogee town near the upper Coosa River, meaning "pile at the base" or "heap at the root." The name was conferred on the town because "in the contest for supremacy its warriors heaped up a pile of scalps, covering the base of the war-pole."〔
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