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Arachosia
Arachosia is the Hellenized name of an ancient satrapy in the eastern part of the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Greco-Bactrian, and Indo-Scythian empires. Arachosia was centred on Arghandab valley in modern-day southern Afghanistan, and extended east to as far as the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan. The main river of Arachosia was called ''Arachōtós'', now known as the Arghandab River, a tributary of the Helmand River.〔 The Greek term "Arachosia" corresponds to the Aryan land of ''Harauti'' which was around modern-day Helmand. The Arachosian capital or metropolis was called Alexandria or Alexandropolis and lay in what is today Kandahar in Afghanistan. Arachosia was a part of the region of ancient Ariana.
==Name==
"Arachosia" is the Latinized form of Greek Ἀραχωσία - Arachōsíā. "The same region appears in the Avestan ''Vidēvdāt'' (1.12) under the indigenous dialect form - (whose ''-axva-'' is typical non-Avestan)."〔 In Old Persian inscriptions, the region is referred to as 𐏃𐎼𐎢𐎺𐎫𐎡𐏁, written ''h-r-v-u-t-i''.〔 This form is the "etymological equivalent" of Vedic Sanskrit , the name of a (mythological) river literally meaning "rich in waters/lakes" and derived from ''sáras-'' "lake, pond."〔 (''cf.'' Aredvi Sura Anahita).
"Arachosia" was named after the name of a river that runs through it, in Greek Arachōtós, today known as the Arghandab, a left bank tributary of the Helmand.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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