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Araucaria araucana
''Araucaria araucana'' (commonly called the monkey puzzle tree, monkey tail tree, Chilean pine, or pehuén) is an evergreen tree growing to tall with a 2-m (7-ft) trunk diameter. The tree is native to central and southern Chile and western Argentina.〔(Native areas ), Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. Retrieved: 2012-09-20.〕 ''Araucaria araucana'' is the hardiest species in the conifer genus ''Araucaria''. Because of the great age of this species, it is sometimes described as a living fossil. Its conservation status was changed to Endangered by the IUCN in 2013 due to its declining abundance.〔Premoli, A., Quiroga, P. & Gardner, M. 2013. ''Araucaria araucana''. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/31355/0. Accessed on 10 July 2013.〕
It is the national tree of Chile.
==Description==
The leaves are thick, tough, and scale-like, triangular, long, broad at the base, and with sharp edges and tips. They persist for 10–15 years or more, so cover most of the tree except for the older branches.
This tree is usually dioecious, with the male and female cones on separate trees, though occasional individuals bear cones of both sexes. The male (pollen) cones are oblong and cucumber-shaped, long at first, expanding to long by broad at pollen release. The tree is wind pollinated. The female (seed) cones, which mature in autumn about 18 months after pollination, are globose, large, in diameter, and hold about 200 seeds. The cones disintegrate at maturity to release the long nut-like seeds.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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