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Arcosanti is an experimental town and molten bronze bell casting community in Yavapai County, central Arizona, 70 mi (110 km) north of Phoenix, at an elevation of 3,732 feet (1,130 meters). Its arcology concepts were developed by the Italian-American architect, Paolo Soleri (1919–2013). He began construction in 1970, to demonstrate how urban conditions could be improved while minimizing the destructive impact on the earth. He taught and influenced generations of architects and urban designers who studied and worked with him there to build the town. == Overview == The goal of Arcosanti is to explore the concept of arcology, which combines architecture and ecology. The town has the goals of combining the social interaction and accessibility of an urban environment with sound environmental principles, such as minimal resource use and access to the natural environment.〔(Paolo Soleri Biography ), Arcosanti.org〕 The project is building an experimental town on 25 acres (10 ha) of a 4,060-acre (1,640 ha) land preserve. Construction broke ground at the site in 1970, and has continued at a varying pace through the present. The most recently completed building was finished in 1989.〔(Construction Timeline )〕 The population varies between 50 and 150 people, based on the number of students and volunteers on the site. Ultimately, the town is planned to have 5,000 people.〔(Arcosanti Project Background ), Arcosanti〕 Thirteen major structures have been built on the site, some several stories tall. The latest master plan, designed in 2001, envisions a massive complex, called "Arcosanti 5000", that would dwarf the current buildings. Many features are particular to the design and construction of Arcosanti. For example, tilt-up concrete panels are cast in a bed of silt acquired from the surrounding area, giving the concrete a unique texture and color that helps it blend with the landscape. Many panels were cast with embedded art. Most buildings are oriented southward to capture the Sun's light and heat — roof designs admit the maximum amount of sunlight in the winter and a minimal amount during the summer. The bronze-casting apse is built in the form of a quarter-sphere or semi-dome. The layout of the buildings is intricate and organic, rather than a city grid, with a goal of maximum accessibility to all elements, and a combination of increased social interaction and bonds, together with privacy for the residents. Existing structures at Arcosanti provide for the complete needs of the community. They include a five-story visitors' center/cafe/gift shop, a bronze-casting apse, a ceramics apse, two large barrel vaults, a ring of apartment residences and storefronts around an outdoor amphitheater, a community swimming pool, an office complex, and Soleri's suite. A two-bedroom "Sky Suite" occupies the highest point in the complex and is available for overnight guests. Most of the buildings have accessible roofs. The Arcosanti site has a camp area built for the original construction crew. It is used today as housing for the people of the agricultural department. They maintain greenhouses, gardens, and agricultural fields. Terraced greenhouses are planned along the slope of the main building site for gardening space and to collect heat to distribute through the buildings. At present, the town is primarily an education center, with students from around the world visiting to attend workshops, classes, and continue construction. 40,000 tourists visit yearly.〔''Urban design'' by Jon T. Lang, page 126, (Google Books )〕 Tourists can take a guided tour of the site or make reservations to stay overnight in guest accommodations.〔(Guest Accommodations ) Arcosanti.org〕 Some Arcosanti funding comes from selling the metal and ceramic bells made and cast from bronze on site. Additional funding comes from donations and fees for workshops, which last up to five weeks. Much of the present construction at Arcosanti has been done by workshop participants and volunteers. The average salary at Arcosanti is minimum wage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arcosanti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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