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Arcusaurus
''Arcusaurus'' is an extinct genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Sinemurian stages) of South Africa.
''Arcusaurus'' was first named by Adam Yates, Matthew Bonnan and Johann Neveling in 2011 and the type species is ''Arcusaurus pereirabdalorum''. The generic name is derived from Latin ''arcus'', "rainbow", a reference to the Rainbow Nation. The specific epithet honours Lucille Pereira and Fernando Abdala who discovered the fossils .
''Arcusaurus'' is known from two fragmentary skeletons collected in March 2006 at the Spion Kop Heelbo site from the upper Elliot Formation in Senekal in Free State. The holotype, BP/1/6235, consists of a partial skull. Some limb bones and vertebrae are included in the material. Both specimens represented juvenile individuals. From detailed features the describers concluded these were not the young of either ''Aardonyx'' or ''Massospondylus''.
A phylogenetic study of ''Arcusaurus'' found it to be a basal sauropodomorph, placing it as the sister taxon of ''Efraasia'' and all of the more derived sauropodomorphs. Since ''Efraasia'' is known from the Norian stage of the Late Triassic, the close relationship with ''Arcusaurus'' implies that there was a 35-million-year ghost lineage of sauropodomorphs stretching from Late Triassic forms to ''Arcusaurus''. However, ''Arcusaurus'' possesses many features unique to more advanced groups included in the clade Plateosauria, raising doubts about the results of the phylogenetic analysis.
==References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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