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Arjava
Ārjava (Sanskrit: आर्जव) literally means sincerity, straightness and non-hypocrisy.〔J Sinha, , Volume 2, Motilal Banarsidas, , page 142〕〔(Arjava ) Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Koeln University, Germany〕 It is one of the ten yamas in ancient Indian texts.〔KN Aiyar (1914), Thirty Minor Upanishads, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 978-1164026419, Chapter 22, pages 173-176〕
==Definition==
''Ārjava'' means straightness, sincerity and harmony in one’s thought, words and actions towards oneself and towards others.〔 Kane translates ''arjava'' as straightforwardness.〔PV Kane (1974), History of Dharmaśāstra: (ancient and Mediæval Religious and Civil Law in India), Vol 2, Issue 1, , page 5〕 It is explained in ancient Indian texts as “self-restraint from hypocrisy", and "the absence of hypocrisy”. It is included as one of several ethical virtuous restraints in an individual's path to spirituality. The Maharashtrian poet Vāmana in Avigita, at xvi.1, posits ''arjava'' is a form of honesty and purity in a person, and an essential virtue so that one may treat everyone equally, whether that other is one’s child, wife, relative, friend, a stranger, someone hostile or oneself without any discrimination.〔
The ethical concept of ''Arjava'' is synonymously referred to as ''Adambha'' (अदम्भ, composite word from अ+दम्भ). Adambha also means〔(Adambha ) Sanskrit English Dictionary, Koeln University, Germany〕 non-deceitful, straightforwardness and sincerity. It is listed as a virtue in the Indian Epics.〔
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