|
Armeno-Tats ((アルメニア語:հայ-թաթեր) – ''hay-tater'') are a distinct group of Tat-speaking Armenians that historically populated eastern parts of the South Caucasus. Most scholars researching the Tat language, such as Boris Miller and Igrar Aliyev, agree that Armeno-Tats are ethnic Armenians who underwent a language shift and adopted Tat as their first language.〔(Southwestern Iranian languages ).〕 This is explained on one hand by the self-identification of Armeno-Tats who stated during Miller's research that they consider themselves Armenian as well as by some linguistic features of their dialect.〔Boris Miller. ''Tats: Their Settlement and Dialects''. Azerbaijan Research and Study Society. Baku, 1929.〕 ==History== Adam Olearius travelled through the historical region of Shirvan (present-day central Azerbaijan) in 1637 and mentioned the existence of a community of Armenians in the city of Shamakhi, who "had its own language" but also "spoke Turkic, as did all people in Shirvan".〔Adam Olearius. (Travels of the Ambassadors sent by Frederic, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia ). Book IV. Chapter 20.〕 Archaeologist Vladimir Sysoyev, who visited Shamakhi in 1925 and described ruins of a mediaeval Armenian church, held interviews with local residents who dated the first settlement of Armenians in Shamakhi and its vicinities to the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century.〔S. Guchman. (Story of Three Shamakhi Icons ); p. 113〕 Historically mountainous Shirvan was an area of mixed Tat-Azeri settlement with the former slowly assimilating into the latter. Olearius, Bakikhanov and Miller noted a high rate of assimilation among Shirvan Armenians, with some adopting Muslim faith and diffusing in the majority (this went on well into the eighteenth century) and others shifting to the Tat language, while remaining Christian.〔 By the early twentieth century, there were only two villages where Tat-speaking Christian Armenians continued to live: Madrasa and Kilvar. With regard to the origin of Armeno-Tats, Miller quotes bishop Mesrop Smbatian in stating that at least some groups of them were eighteenth-century migrants from Karabakh.〔 Armenians of Kilvar claimed descent from mediaeval migrants from Edessa (present-day Şanlıurfa, Turkey).〔Artem Dvinov. (Stavropol Krai Armenians Marking 210th Anniversary of Edissia ). ''Kavkazsky Uzel''. 2 September 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2012.〕 Comparing southern Tat dialects and Armeno-Tat, Miller concluded that Armenians of Madrasa may have been early migrants from the Absheron Peninsula where the presence of a Christian community was historically attested. Interestingly, some Armeno-Tats who had earlier switched to Tat as their first language, such as residents of Garajally, went on to switch to Azeri by the end of the eighteenth century.〔 In 1796, after the Persian Expedition of 1796 led by Valerian Zubov, most residents of Kilvar and Talabi and some residents of Garajally, about 50 families altogether, chose to leave with the troops and founded the village of Edissia (after the city of Edessa where they believed their ancestors had come from) in the present-day Stavropol Krai of Russia.〔 In 1926, they still retained good knowledge of Tat and were referred to by the local population as ''malakhantsy'' (from the Tat ''mal xan'', i.e. "of the khan", meaning they were subjects of the Quba Khanate).〔 According to other sources, Armenians of Edissia, along with those living in the suburbs of Kizlyar, spoke a Turkic idiom they referred to as ''bizimja'' ("our talk") which they adopted while still in Shirvan.〔〔(How Armenians Perceive Themselves ).〕〔(Edessians' Social Life ).〕 The remaining Armeno-Tats lived in Madrasa and Kilvar until the Nagorno-Karabakh War, when they were forced to leave for Armenia. Initially Armenians of Madrasa had planned to undergo a population exchange with the residents of the Azeri-populated village of Shidli in Armenia, but the Spitak earthquake in Armenia which destroyed the village made the plan unrealisable. In 1989, they collectively moved to the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia where they founded the village of Dprevank.〔(From house to house ). ''168 Hours''. 17 December 2005.〕 There are 6,000 Armenians living in Edissia.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Armeno-Tats」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|