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Artaxiad dynasty
The Artaxiad dynasty or Ardaxiad dynasty (Artashessian Dynasty, Armenian: ''Արտաշեսյան արքայատոհմ'') ruled the Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until their overthrow by the Romans in AD 12. Their realm included Greater Armenia, Sophene and intermittently Lesser Armenia and parts of Mesopotamia. Their main enemies were the Romans, the Seleucids and the Parthians, against whom the Armenians had to conduct multiple wars. During this period, Armenian culture experienced considerable Hellenistic influence.
==Historical background==
According to the geographer Strabo, Artaxias and Zariadres were two satraps of the Seleucid Empire, who ruled over the provinces of Greater Armenia and Sophene respectively. After the Seleucid defeat at the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC, they revolted and declared their independence, with Artaxias (Armenian: Արտաշես) becoming the first king of the Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia in 188. However, some Armenian scholars believe that Artaxias and Zariadres were not foreign generals but local figures related to the previous Orontid dynasty, as their Irano-Armenian (and not Greek) names would indicate.〔Hovannisian pp.47-48〕
According to Encyclopaedia Iranica, Artaxiad dynasty has now been identified as a branch of the earlier Eruandid dynasty of Iranian origin attested as ruling in Armenia from at least the 5th century BCE〔Encyclopædia Iranica. Tigran II.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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