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Artemius
Artemius (d. in Antioch, 362), known as Challita in the Maronite tradition, was a general of the Roman Empire, ''dux Aegypti'' (imperial prefect of Roman Egypt). He is considered a saint by the Orthodox Church, with the name of Artemius of Antioch.
== Biography ==
Artemius was an Egyptian by birth and a chief commander under Emperor Constantine the Great.〔("The Holy Great Martyr Artemius, Ecumenical Patriarchate of the orthodox Metropolitanate of Hong Kong and South East Asia )〕 Constantius II ordered Artemius to go in the lands beyond the Danube and to bring back to Constantinople the relics of Andrew the Apostle, Luke the Evangelist and Saint Timothy. Artemius accomplished his task and was rewarded with the appointment to the rank of ''dux Aegypti'' (360).〔''Passio Artemii'', 16—18.〕
One year later Constantius was succeeded by his cousin Julian, who was a Pagan. The people of Alexandria accused Artemius of having demolished their temples, and broken down their idols,〔(Butler, Alban. ''The Lives of the Saints'', Vol.X, 1866 )〕 and Julian condemned him to death. Artemius was beheaded in 362 in the city of Antioch, where he had been recalled by Emperor Julian the Apostate for maladministration of his province.〔Gibbon, Edward. ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''. Vol. 2. ElecBook: 1999. p. 319.〕 The charges stemmed from his persecution of pagans in Alexandria, and his use of troops in the seizure and despoliation of the Temple of Serapis instigated by George of Cappadocia. According to Ammianus Marcellinus, his death encouraged the people of Alexandria to kill George,〔Ammianus Marcellinus, XXII 11.2-3,8.〕 but this information is probably false, because George was already dead before his trial.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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