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''Artpop'' (stylized as ''ARTPOP'') is the third studio album by American singer Lady Gaga. It was released on November 6, 2013, by Streamline and Interscope Records. She began planning the project in 2011, shortly after the launch of her second studio album, ''Born This Way''. Work continued into 2012 and 2013, during which time Gaga was travelling for her headlining Born This Way Ball and recovering from surgery for an injury that she sustained while touring. Gaga described ''Artpop'' as "a celebration and a poetic musical journey" and an exploration of the "reverse Warholian" phenomenon in pop culture. It displays an intentional "lack of maturity and responsibility" by comparison to the darker and anthemic nature of ''Born This Way''. Assuming an integral position in its production, she enlisted longtime collaborators including Paul "DJ White Shadow" Blair and RedOne and newer partners Zedd and Madeon to achieve Gaga's desired sound. The lyrical themes revolve around her personal views of fame, love, sex, feminism, self-empowerment, overcoming addiction, and reactions to media scrutiny; references include Greek and Roman mythology, and classic jazz and electronic musician Sun Ra. ''Artpop'' also features guest vocals from several new partners: T.I., Too Short, Twista, and R. Kelly. The release of ''Artpop'' was prefaced by a two-day album release party dubbed an "ArtRave". It received generally mixed reviews from music critics, and was commercially successful, debuting at number one on the U.S. ''Billboard'' 200 with first-week sales of 258,000 copies, becoming Gaga's second consecutive number-one record in the United States and selling 746,000 copies. It also topped national record charts in five additional countries, and charted within the top ten in over twenty. ''Artpop'' was the ninth best seller album of 2013 with 2.3 million copies worldwide. It was included in several year-end lists by music critics and publications. "Applause" was serviced as the lead single from ''Artpop'' on August 12, 2013, and was a critical and commercial success, charting within the top ten of more than twenty countries worldwide, peaking at number four on the U.S. ''Billboard'' Hot 100. The second single "Do What U Want" was released on October 21, and peaked at number 13 in the United States. It was followed by promotional singles "Venus" and "Dope" shortly before the album's release. The album later produced the single "G.U.Y.". Gaga promoted ''Artpop'' with several television appearances and performances, including her second Thanksgiving Day special, ''Lady Gaga and the Muppets' Holiday Spectacular''. Later, Gaga embarked on the ArtRave: The Artpop Ball tour in support of the album's release. ==Background and recording== Development of ''Artpop'' began shortly after the release of ''Born This Way'' (2011),〔("Lady Gaga's 'ARTPOP': What We Know So Far" ). ''Rolling Stone''. July 30, 2013. 〕 and by the following year, the album's concepts were "beginning to flourish" as Gaga collaborated with producers Fernando Garibay and DJ White Shadow. Initial recording sessions for ''Artpop'' coincided with the Born This Way Ball: up to fifty songs were sketched out and considered for inclusion. By May 2012, the project was taking definite form, with co-manager Vincent Herbert promising "insane, great records" within its craft. Gaga herself admitted that she yearned to make audiences have "a really good time" with ''Artpop'', engineering the album to mirror "a night at the club". "When you listen to it, it really flows nicely. It's really fun to pop in with your friends. I really wrote it for me and my friends to pop in from start to finish", she said in a 2013 interview for MTV. Meanwhile, the singer began presenting tracks to her record company and hoped to reveal the album's working title by September, a revelation that instead was announced one month in advance. The artist later claimed that ''Artpop'' was her first "real" effort that emulated a "phoenix rising from the ashes", reflecting her heightened confidence in writing material for the album compared to her previous efforts. Gaga recruited Jeff Koons into the project in early 2013, but the two had previously met at a Metropolitan Museum of Art fashion event three years earlier, where Gaga provided a live performance. According to Koons, Gaga "just kind of grabbed ahold of me and gave me a big hug around my waist " and replied, "You know, Jeff, I've been such a fan of yours, and when I was a kid just hanging out in Central Park I would talk to my friends about your work." Following hip surgery in February 2013, the singer was forced into a six-month hiatus, during which she studied literature and music with the Haus of Gaga in addition to sharing "creative gifts".〔 This stage allowed her to review and enhance her creative direction, which she admitted to be a meticulous "gazing process". "I have to gaze into the work for long periods of time for it to be good," adding that upon analyzing her ideas, she received "that wonderful feeling" which told her "that's the one". In addition to Interscope notifying mainstream media outlets on upcoming releases for ''Artpop'' in July 2013,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://uk.eonline.com/news/444381/lady-gaga-reveals-lyrics-to-upcoming-applause-single-talks-artpop-app-details )〕 Gaga announced plans for a multimedia application software which "combines music, art, fashion, and technology with a new interactive worldwide community". Relative Wave, the architects behind Björk's multimedia app for ''Biophilia'' (2011), took nearly a year to develop the ''Artpop'' app. Some dismissed the project as an elaborate ploy to inflate album sales, under the assumption ''Billboard'' would count a downloaded track as a complete unit.〔 ''Billboard'' editorial director Bill Werde later addressed these concerns on July 31, 2013:
In October 2013, a fan asked Gaga why the song "Brooklyn Nights" was not on the album. She replied: "I wanted to spend more time on it. It will come out () the app sometime during the album cycle".〔(Lady Gaga Shares 'ARTPOP' Details on Twitter | Music News | Rolling Stone ) 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Artpop」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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