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Artsakh ((アルメニア語:Արցախ), ) was the tenth province (''nahang'') of the Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until 387 AD and afterwards a region of Caucasian Albania from 387 to the 7th century under suzerainty of Sassanid Persia. From the 7th to 9th centuries, it fell under Arab control. In 821, it formed the Armenian principality of Khachen and around the year 1000 was proclaimed the Kingdom of Artsakh, one of the last medieval eastern Armenian kingdoms and principalities to maintain its autonomy following the Turkic invasions of the 11th to 14th centuries.〔Hewsen. ''Armenia'', pp. 118–121.〕 Much of historical Artsakh presently overlaps with the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, and is controlled by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, also known as Artsakh Republic. ==Etymology== According to Armenian and Western specialists, inscriptions dating to the Urartian period mention the region under a variety of names: "Ardakh", "Urdekhe", and "Atakhuni."〔Chorbajian, Levon; Donabedian Patrick; Mutafian, Claude. The Caucasian Knot: The History and Geo-Politics of Nagorno-Karabagh. NJ: Zed Books, 1994, p. 52〕〔 Ulubabyan, Bagrat. ''«Արցախ»'' (Arts'akh). Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. vol. ii. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1976, pp. 150–151.〕〔Christopher Walker. The Armenian presence in Mountainous Karabakh, in John F. R. Wright et al.: Transcaucasian Boundaries (SOAS/GRC Geopolitics). 1995, p. 91〕 In speaking about Armenia in his ''Geography'', the classical historian Strabo refers to an Armenian region which he calls "Orchistene.", which again is believed to be a Greek version of the old name of Artsakh 〔Strabo. ''Geography'', (11.14 ).〕 According to another hypothesis put forth by David M. Lang, the ancient name of Artsakh possibly derives from the name of King Artaxias I of Armenia (190–159 BC), founder of the Artaxiad Dynasty and the kingdom of Greater Armenia.〔Lang, David M.''The Armenians: a People in Exile''. London: Unwin Hyman, 1988, p. x. ISBN 978-0-04-956010-9.〕 Folk etymology holds that the name is derived from "Ar" (Aran) and "tsakh" (woods, garden) (i.e., the gardens of Aran Sisakean, the first nakharar of northeastern Armenia).〔Mkrtchyan, Shahen. ''Treasures of Artsakh.'' Yerevan: Tigran Mets Publishing, 2000, p. 10.〕 The name today is used mostly by Armenians to refer to Nagorno-Karabakh, including areas of land such as Kalbajar that historically had been a part of Artsakh but that the Soviet Union did not permit to be included in the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Azerbaijan SSR. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Artsakh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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