|
Aspazija was the pen name of Elza Pliekšāne (born Elza Rozenberga; March 16, 1865 – November 5, 1943 in Jūrmala), a Latvian poet and playwright. Aspazija is the Latvian transliteration of Aspasia. == Biography == Aspazija was born and raised in wealthy peasant family near Jelgava in 1865, where she studied and was active in youth organizations. She didn't graduate gymnasium but left in last year and in 1886 married with Wilhelm Max Valter. In later years she became interested in literature mainly- german authors. Her first publication was made in 1887 in the newspaper ''Dienas Lapa''. In 1891 she divorced from her husband and until 1893 worked as a private teacher in Jaunsvirlauka. In 1893 she settled in Riga and started to work as journalist. In 1894 her first plays ''Vaidelote'' and ''Zaudētās tiesības'' was staged in Riga. In that time she met Jānis Pliekšāns (better known as Rainis), a newspaper editor, poet, and lawyer and one of the leaders of New Current (Jaunā strāva) movement. Under his influence also Aspazija actively participated in New Current (Jaunā strāva) activities. The couple married in 1897 when after the crackdown of movement they for a short while lived in Panevėžys, Lithuania. In this year her first collection of poetry was published. For his activities Rainis was imprisoned and later sentenced to five years in exile in Russia from 1897–1903 and Aspazija followed him. Together they translated into latvian many works of J.W. Goethe. Later they returned to Latvia and wrote, while Rainis also participated in socialist politics. The 1905 Revolution began with protests in St. Petersburg in January. Within days protests spread to Riga and many were killed on January 13, 1905. Aspazijas play "Vaidelote" (The Vestal) opened in January and was interpreted to be a call to break free of Imperialist Russia. (Rainis also published a collection of opens published, Vētras Sēja (The Sowing of the Storm) which were poems of the Revolution.) The czar directed a crack-down and many revolutionaries were arrested and killed in 1905-6. Therefore, Rainis and Aspazija traveled to Switzerland and lived in exile in Castagnola from 1905–1920. When they returned to independent Latvia after World War I, she was active in the feminist movement. Aspazija also joined the Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party and was elected in a constitutional assembly. After Rainis death in 1929 Aspazija lived very privately in Riga or in her summer house in Dubulti. She died in November 5, 1943 in Dubulti and was buried in Rainis cemetery, Riga, next to her husband. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aspazija」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|