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Asadabad or Asad Abad ((パシュトー語:اسدآباد) - Asadābād, (ペルシア語:اسدآباد)) is the capital city of Kunar Province in Afghanistan. It is located in the eastern portion of the country adjacent to Pakistan. The city is located within a valley at the confluence of the Pech River and Kunar River between two mountain ridgelines running along both sides of the valley from Northeast to Southwest. Asadabad is in a mountainous region of the Hindu Kush mountains about 13 km (eight miles) northwest of the Pakistani border and 80 km (50 miles) northeast of Jalalabad, Afghanistan. Asadabad deals with a moderate amount of trade goods. (Nawa Pass ), that lies about 16 km (10 miles) south of Asadabad, is the next major border crossing point north of the Khyber Pass for the region.〔http://maps.google.com/maps?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wl〕 The pass is under constant observation due to its relative ease to cross for commerce and its potential usage for smuggling and Taliban insurgents.''〔''http://www.disam.dsca.mil/pubs/Indexes/Vol%2031_3/Moeller.pdf''〕'' == History == The surrounding Kunar Province lies near the historic routes connecting Central Asia, India, and Iran, such as the Silk Road and the Grand Trunk Road through the Khyber Pass, as well as routes through the Hindu Kush mountains. Asadabad lies at the confluence of the two major rivers of the area, the Kunar and the Pech. The region would have come under the borders of various empires of the ages, including the Achaemenid Persians, the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, etc. It was very close to the paths Alexander the Great passed by on his way from conquering Persia to invading India. Asadabad is also on the eastern boundary of what was Kafiristan - part of Afghanistan not converted to Islam until the 1890s.〔See the linked articles.〕 In the past, the area near Asadabad was called Chaga Serai, with various spellings (Chega Serai, Chagasaray, Chigur Serai, Chughansuraee).〔(Killing the Cranes ), Edward Girardet, 2011, pub by Chelsea Green〕〔(Before Taliban ), Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad, David B. Edwards, University of California Press, 2002, The Regents of the University of California〕〔(The Main Enemy ), Bearden and Risen, 2004〕〔(The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society - Volume 42 - Page 190 ), 1872〕〔Cabool: A Personal Narrative . . , by Sir Alexander Burnes, pub by John Murray, 1843, via Google Books〕 Emperor Babur (late 15th century/early 16th century) claims to have taken over the town as part of his military campaigns in the area. He describes it very briefly in his book, Baburnama. He also mentions relations with the Kaffirs, whom he claims helped defend the town against him.〔See the Baburnama〕 In the late 19th century/early 20th century the capital of the region was moved from Pushoot/Pasat/Pasad to the present Asadabad location. Over the 20th century, various technical improvements were made such as roads, a shopping area, schools, a bridge, a gas station, etc.〔(Asadabad ), Encylcopedia Iranica online, Encyclopedia Iranica foundation〕 In the opening times of the Soviet Afghan war (1979-1988), Kunar province saw some of the first rebellions against the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. As punishment, PDPA troops with Soviet advisors massacred the males of the nearby village of Kerala, burying their bodies in a field near the Pech river.〔Killing the Cranes, Edward Girardet〕 Asadabad was later linked to a Soviet military base during the war, which included Spetsnaz.〔Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan, By Ludwig W. Adamec, 2012, entry Spetsnaz, via Google Books〕 Several Russian websites, like http://asadabad.ru, contain discussions and photos regarding this era. The rebel Mujahideen later took over the town from the Soviets. Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's Hizb-e-Islami, one of the Peshawar Seven groups, had heavy influence in the area. Osama bin Laden also spent time in Asadabad.〔http://www.salon.com/2002/09/06/asadabad/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Asadabad, Afghanistan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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