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Asshole
The word ''asshole'' (often ''arsehole'' in British and Australian English), is a vulgarism to describe the anus, and often used pejoratively (as a type of synecdoche) to refer to people.
==History==
The word ''arse'' in English derives from the Germanic root ''-arsaz'', which originated from the Proto-Indo-European root ''-ors'', meaning "buttocks" or "backside".〔Calvert Watkins, ''American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots'' revised second edition, p. 60〕 The combined form ''arsehole'' is first attested from 1500 in its literal use to refer to the anus. The metaphorical use of the word to refer to the worst place in a region (e.g., "the arsehole of the world"), is first attested in print in 1865; the use to refer to a contemptible person is first attested in 1933.〔Lighter, J.: ''Historical Dictionary of American Slang'', Random House, 1994.〕 In the ninth chapter of his 1945 autobiography, ''Black Boy'', Richard Wright quotes a snippet of verse that uses the term: "All these white folks dressed so fine / Their ass-holes smell just like mine ...". Its earliest known usage in newspaper as an insult was 1965.〔("A refreshing radicalism." ) Lerner, Michael, The Harvard Crimson, May 28, 1965. Google Search done August 6, 2008.〕 As with other vulgarities, these uses of the word may have been common in oral speech for some time before their first appearances in print. By the 1970s, ''Hustler'' magazine featured people they did not like as "Asshole of the Month."〔"Out like Flynt." ''Time'', April 9, 1979. Retrieved August 6, 2008.〕 In 1972, Jonathan Richman of Modern Lovers recorded his song "Pablo Picasso", which includes the line "Pablo Picasso was never called an asshole."
Until the early 1990s, the word was considered one of a number of words that could not be uttered on commercial television in the United States. Comedian Andrew Dice Clay caused a major shock when he uttered the word during a televised MTV awards show in 1989.〔(MTV Video Music Awards | 1989 )〕 However, there were PG-13 and R rated films in the 1980s that featured use of the word, such as the R-rated ''The Terminator'' (1984), the PG-13-rated ''National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation'' (1989), and the PG-rated ''Back to the Future'' (1985). By 1994, however, vulgarity had become more acceptable, and the word was featured in dialog on the long-running television series ''NYPD Blue'', though it has yet to become anything close to commonplace on network TV. In some broadcast edits (such as the syndication airings of ''South Park''), the word is partially bleeped out ironically, as "assh—", with the profane half of the word intact.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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