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Aššur (Akkadian) (English | Ashur/Assyria, Assyrian '; Assyrian Neo-Aramaic / Ātûr ; (ヘブライ語:אַשּׁוּר) / '; (アラビア語:آشور) / ALA-LC: ''Āshūr; ''Kurdish:'' Asûr''), also known as Ashur, Qal'at Sherqat and Kalah Shergat, is a city from the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The remains of the city are situated on the western bank of the river Tigris, north of the confluence with the tributary Little Zab river, in modern-day Iraq, more precisely in the Al-Shirqat District (a small panhandle of the Saladin Governorate). The city was occupied from the mid-3rd millennium BCE (c. 2600–2500 BCE) to the 14th century, when Timur conducted a massacre of its population. The site of Assur is a World Heritage Site and was placed on the list of World Heritage Sites in danger in 2003, in part due to the conflict in that area and also due to a proposed dam that would flood part of the site. It is about 40 miles south of the former Nimrud and 60 miles south of Nineveh. ==History of research== Exploration of the site of Assur began in 1898 by German archaeologists. Excavations began in 1900 by Friedrich Delitzsch, and were continued in 1903–1913 by a team from the German Oriental Society led initially by Robert Koldewey and later by Walter Andrae.〔Walter Andrae, Der Anu-Adad-Tempel in Assur, JC Hinrichs, 1909, (1984 reprint ISBN 3-7648-1805-0)〕〔Walter Andrae, Die Stelenreihen in Assur, JC Hinrichs, 1913, (1972 reprint ISBN 3-535-00587-6)〕〔Walter Andrae, Die archaischen Ischtar-Tempel in Assur, JC Hinrichs, 1922, (1970 reprint ISBN 3-7648-1806-9)〕〔Walter Andrae, Hethitische Inschriften auf Bleistreifen aus Assur, JC Hinrichs, 1924〕〔Walter Andrae, Das wiedererstandene Assur, 1938, JC Hinrichs, (1977 reprint ISBN 3-406-02947-7)〕 More than 16,000 tablets with cuneiform texts were discovered. Many of the objects found made their way to the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. More recently, Ashur was excavated by B. Hrouda for the University of Munich and the Bavarian Ministry of Culture in 1990.〔Excavations in Iraq 1989-1990, Iraq, vol. 53, pp. 169-182, 1991〕 During the same period, in 1988 and 1989, the site was being worked by R. Dittmann on behalf of the German Research Foundation.〔R. Dittmann, Ausgrabungen der Freien Universitat Berlin in Ashur und Kar-Tukulti-Ninurta in den Jahren 1986-1989, MDOG, vol. 122, pp. 157-171, 1990〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Assur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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