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Atelopus
''Atelopus'' is a large genus of true toads, commonly known as harlequin toads or stubfoot toads, from Central and South America, ranging as far north as Costa Rica and as far south as Bolivia. ''Atelopus'' species are small, generally brightly colored, and diurnal. Most species are associated with mid- to high-elevation streams. This genus has been greatly affected by amphibian declines, and many species are now considered endangered, while others already are extinct. While threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and introduced species, the primary cause of these declines appears to be the chytrid fungus ''Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis''.〔Lötters, Kielgast, Bielby, Schmidtlein, Bosch, Veith, Walker, Fisher, Rödder (2009). ''The Link Between Rapid Enigmatic Amphibian Decline and the Globally Emerging Chytrid Fungus''. EcoHealth 6(3): 358-372〕〔Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani and Young, editors (2008). ''Threatened Amphibians of the World.'' Pp. 100, 160-178. ISBN 978-84-96553-41-5〕
New ''Atelopus'' species are discovered with some regularity, and many new species have been described in the last decade. Among others, a new subspecies, popularly dubbed the purple fluorescent frog, was discovered in 2007 by scientists Paul Ouboter and Jan Mol during a follow-up survey of the Nassau plateau in Suriname.〔http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19028712/ns/technology_and_science-science/〕 Leeanne Alonso from Conservation International, the organisation that led the expedition, said this frog may be threatened by illegal gold mining. It was described as a new subspecies of ''Atelopus hoogmoedi'' (itself considered a subspecies of ''A. spumarius'' by some), named ''A. h. nassaui'' in 2012.〔Amphibians of Suriname, Paul E. Ouboter and Rawien Jairam, Brill 2012, ISBN 978-90-04-21075-2〕
==Species==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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