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Adonis (; ), in Greek mythology, is a central figure in various mystery religions. The dying of Adonis was fully developed in the circle of young girls around the poet Sappho from the island of Lesbos, about 600 BC, as revealed in a fragment of Sappho's surviving poetry.〔The standard modern survey and repertory of Adonis in Greek culture is W. Atallah, ''Adonis dans la littérature et l'art grecs'', Paris, 1966.〕 Adonis has had multiple roles, and there has been much scholarship over the centuries concerning his meaning and purpose in Greek religious beliefs. He is an annually-renewed, ever-youthful vegetation god, a life-death-rebirth deity whose nature is tied to the calendar. His name is often applied in modern times to handsome youths, of whom he is the archetype. == Etymology and origin == The Greek ((:ádɔːnis)), ''Adōnis'' was a borrowing from the Canaanite word ''ʼadōn'', meaning "lord",〔W. Burkert (1985), ''Greek Religion'', pp. 176–77.〕〔 〕 which is related to ''Adonai'' ((ヘブライ語:אֲדֹנָי)), one of the names used to refer to the God of the Hebrew Bible and still used in Judaism to the present day.〔 Syrian Adonis is ''Gauas''〔Detienne, Marcel (1994). ''The Gardens of Adonis: Spices in Greek Mythology'', Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-00104-3 (p.137)〕 or ''Aos'', akin to Egyptian ''Osiris'', the Semitic ''Tammuz'' and ''Baal Hadad'', the Etruscan ''Atunis'' and the Phrygian ''Attis'', all of whom are deities of rebirth and vegetation (see life-death-rebirth deity). ''Adonis'' is the Hellenized form of the Phoenician word "''adoni''", meaning "''my lord''".〔 It is believed that the cult of Adonis was known to the Greeks from around the sixth century B.C., but it is unquestionable that they came to know it through contact with Cyprus. Around this time, the cult of Adonis is noted in the Book of Ezekiel in Jerusalem, though under the Babylonian name Tammuz.〔〔(Ezekiel 8:14 )〕 Adonis originally was a Phoenician god of fertility representing the spirit of vegetation. It is further speculated that he was an avatar of the version of Ba'al, worshipped in Ugarit. It is likely that lack of clarity concerning whether Myrrha was called Smyrna, and who her father was, originated in Cyprus before the Greeks first encountered the myth. However, it is clear that the Greeks added much to the Adonis-Myrrha story, before it was first recorded by classical scholars.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adonis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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