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The Augustalia, also known as the ''Ludi Augustales'' ("Augustan Games"), was a festival celebrated October 12 in honor of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. It was established in conjunction with an altar to Fortuna Redux to mark the return of Augustus from Asia Minor to Rome in 19 BC.〔John Scheid, "To Honour the ''Princeps'' and Venerate the Gods: Public Cult, Neighbourhood Cults, and Imperial Cult in Augustan Rome," translated by Jonathan Edmondson, in ''Augustus'' (Edinburgh University Press, 2009), p. 288.〕 The pontiffs and Vestals conducted sacrifices, and the date became a holiday ''(feriae)'' on the official religious calendar of Rome. The altar to Fortuna Redux was inaugurated on October 12, 19 BC, but dedicated on December 15.〔Scheid, "To Honour the ''Princeps''," pp. 288–289.〕 Until Augustus died in 14 AD, Fortuna Redux was the recipient of the day's religious honors, and the name ''Augustalia'' does not appear in sources before that time. During his lifetime, Augustus was honored with ''ludi Augustales'', games ''(ludi)'' presented on the initiative of individual magistrates.〔Scheid, "To Honour the ''Princeps''," p. 289.〕 Strictly speaking, the Augustalia was the anniversary sacrifice, though ''Augustalia'' can also refer to commemorations of Augustus on his birthday, September 23.〔Peter Michael Swan, ''The Augustan Succession: An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio's Roman History Books 55–56 (9 B.C.–A.D. 14)'' (Oxford University Press, 2004), pp. 297–298, 36.〕 Augustus lists the establishment of the festival in his posthumously published first-person account of his achievements ''(Res Gestae)'',〔''Res Gestae'' 11.〕 emphasizing that it takes its name from his ''cognomen''. Roman festivals were often named for the deities they honored (Neptunalia for Neptune, Cerealia for Ceres), and the unstated implication was that Augustus was to be accorded divine status.〔Scheid, "To Honour the ''Princeps''," pp. 289–290.〕 The establishment of the Augustalia thus marks a major development in what was to become Imperial cult. The Augustalia, abbreviated as ''AVG'', appears on calendars in large, capital letters like some of the oldest festivals for deities of Rome's archaic religion. It occurs between the Meditrinalia (October 11) and the Fontinalia (October 13), both of great antiquity.〔Peter Thonemann, "The Tragic King: Demetrios Poliorketes and the City of Athens," in ''Imaginary Kings: Royal Images in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Rome'' (Franz Steiner, 2005), p. 85.〕 ==See also== * Imperial cult (ancient Rome) * Sodales Augustales 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Augustalia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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