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Australochelys
''Australochelys'' was a genus of rhaptochelydian turtle. It is known from one species, ''A. africanus'', that came from the Elliot Formation of South Africa. The holotype of ''Australochelys'' consists of only a skull and a fragment of the carapace, which shows both primitive and derived features. Like ''Proganochelys'', ''Australochelys'' has large orbits and a ventral basioccipital tubercle, but like derived turtles such as casichelydians, a group containing Cryptodira and Pleurodira, it possesses a sutured basipterygoidal attachment, and a middle ear region partially enclosed laterally.〔 These characteristics show that ''Australochelys'' is more closely related to casichelydians that to ''Proganochelys'', and together with the former, it makes up Rhaptochelydia. The skull of ''Australochelys'' shows that an advanced hearing mechanism of turtles evolved before the appearance of modern turtles.〔
==Etymology==
''Australochelys africanus'' was named in 1994 by Eugene S. Gaffney and James W. Kitching. The generic name comes from the Greek ''australos'', meaning "south" and ''chelys'', "turtle". The specific name is derived from the Greek ''africanus'', meaning "from Africa".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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