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Austrian German ((ドイツ語:Österreichisches Deutsch)), Austrian Standard German, Standard Austrian German ((ドイツ語:Österreichisches Standarddeutsch)) or Austrian High German〔 ((ドイツ語:Österreichisches Hochdeutsch)), is the variety of Standard German written and spoken in Austria. It has the highest sociolinguistic prestige locally, as it is the variation used in the media and for other formal situations. In less formal situations, Austrians tend to use forms closer to or identical with the Bavarian and Alemannic dialects, traditionally spoken – but rarely written – in Austria. == History == Austrian German has its beginning in the mid-18th century, when empress Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II introduced compulsory schooling (in 1774) and several reforms of administration in their multilingual Habsburg empire. At the time, the written standard was ''Oberdeutsche Schreibsprache'', which was highly influenced by the Bavarian and Alemannic dialects of Austria. Another option was to create a new standard based on the Southern German dialects, as proposed by the linguist Janez Žiga Popovič (Johann Siegmund Popowitsch). Instead they decided for pragmatic reasons to adopt the already standardized Chancellery language of Saxony (''Sächsische Kanzleisprache'' or ''Meißner Kanzleideutsch''), which was based on the administrative language of the non-Austrian area of Meißen and Dresden. Thus Standard Austrian German has the same geographic origin as the Standard German of Germany (''Bundesdeutsches Hochdeutsch'', also ''Deutschländisches Deutsch'') and Swiss High German (''Schweizer Hochdeutsch'', not to be confused with the Alemannic Swiss German dialects). The process of introducing the new written standard was led by Joseph von Sonnenfels. Since 1951 the standardized form of Austrian German for official texts and schools is defined by the ''Austrian Dictionary'' (''ドイツ語:Österreichisches Wörterbuch''), published under the authority of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Austrian German」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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