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An autolysin is an enzyme (, ''gametolysin, Chlamydomonas cell wall degrading protease'', ''lysin'', ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii metalloproteinase'', ''gamete lytic enzyme'', ''gamete autolysin'') that hydrolyzes (and breaks down) the components of a biological cell or a tissue in which it is produced. It is similar in function to a lysozyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : Cleavage of the proline- and hydroxyproline-rich proteins of the ''Chlamydomonas'' cell wall; also cleaves azocasein, gelatin and Leu-Trp-Met-Arg-Phe-Ala This glycoprotein is present in ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' gametes. Autolysins exist in all bacteria containing peptidoglycan. The peptidoglycan matrix is very rigid, so these enzymes break down the peptidoglycan matrix in small sections so that growth and division of cells can occur. Autolysins do this by hydrolyzing the β-(1,4) bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine molecules. Autolysins are naturally produced by peptidoglycan containing bacteria, but excessive amounts will degrade the peptidoglycan matrix and cause the cell to burst due to osmotic pressure. Gram-positive bacteria regulate autolysins with teichoic acid molecules attached to the tetrapeptide of the peptidoglycan matrix. Tariq Bangash Microbiology Kohat University of Science & Technology 2014 ==References== Bao Quoc Tran. Autolysin and its affect on herpes. Microbiology text book ed 5 2012 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Autolysin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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