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Ayyār
:''Ayyar redirects here. It can also refer to Ayyar of Bulgaria.''
Áyyār, ((ペルシア語:عیار) ''Ayyâr'', pl. ''Ayyârân'', (アラビア語:عيار) ''ʿayyār'', pl. ''ʿayyārūn'') refers to a person associated with a class of warriors in Iraq and Iran from the 9th to the 12th centuries. The word literally means ''vagabond''. Ayyars were associated with futuwwa, or medieval Islamic organizations located in cities.
==Emergence==
'Ayyarun are believed to predate Islam, though most of the writing about them centers on their activities in Baghdad from the 10th to the 12th centuries. Baghdad was ruled by the Buyids (945–1055), and was a very lawless city, caused by fighting between Sunnis and Shi'ites. They did many terrible things such as extorting taxes on roads and markets, burning wealthy quarters and markets, and looting the homes of the rich by night. For several years (1028–33), Al-Burjumi and Ibn al-Mawsili, leaders of the 'ayyarun, ruled the city due to governmental instability.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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