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Azotobacteraceae
The family Azotobacteraceae contains aerobic diazotrophs with two genera, ''Azomonas'' and ''Azotobacter'', distinguished by the ability to form cysts. The family is also characterized by variable cell shape, the classic shape being ovoid, while many are pleomorphic. With an adequate supply of molybdenum, the Azotobacteraceae are able to fix at least 10 mg of molecular nitrogen per gram of carbohydrate consumed under aerobic conditions. Like most Pseudomonadaceae, the Azotobacteraceae are able to use a wide variety of carbon sources, including sucrose.〔Tchan Y. Azotobacter. Tchan Y, and New P. Azomonas. Krieg NR, Holt JG (eds.) Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 1. 1984. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore, MD 219-234〕 Recent analysis of the unannotated genome of ''Azotobacter vinelandii'' has shown this bacterium is most appropriately grouped in the family Pseudomonadaceae. The original familial distinction was based on the ability to fix nitrogen, but a few Pseudomonadaceae have been found to fix nitrogen, as well.〔Rediers H, Vanderleyden J, De Mot R. 2004. Azotobacter vinelandii: a Pseudomonas in disguise? Microbiology. 150Pt 5):1117-9.〕 The relation is not surprising given the ability of many Azotobacteraceae to fluoresce due to the production of pyoverdine, a nonribosomal peptide siderophore typical of many Pseudomonadaceae.〔Meyer JM. 2000. Pyoverdines: pigments, siderophores and potential taxonomic markers of fluorescent ''Pseudomonas'' species. Arch Microbiol. 174(3):135-42.〕〔Schwarzer D, Finking R, Marahiel MA. 2003. Nonribosomal peptides: from genes to products. Nat Prod Rep. 20(3):275-87.〕
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