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The South African Bureau for State Security (incorrectly given the abbreviation B.O.S.S. by journalists, (アフリカーンス語:Buro vir Staatsveiligheid)) was established in 1969 and replaced by the National Intelligence Service (NIS) in 1980. The Bureau's job was to monitor national security. It was headed by Hendrik van den Bergh. The Bureau is perhaps most infamous for its involvement in the Information Scandal or Muldergate Scandal, when South African Government funds were used to establish a pro-National Party English language newspaper, ''The Citizen.'' This scandal was the main reason for its replacement in 1980. ==Background== During the middle of 1968, the South African cabinet approved the implementation of a centralised security service and in 28 August of the same year, General Hendrik van den Bergh was instructed to start planning the new organisation.〔 On the 1 October 1968, Lieutenant-General Hendrik van den Bergh, Deputy Police Commissioner and Head of the Security Branch, was promoted to General and then appointed as Security Advisor to Prime Minister John Vorster.〔|〕 Attached to the Prime Minister office, he would be in command all security and intelligence chiefs in the country including the military, and reported only to Vorster.〔 By March 1969, the skeleton of a new security service begun to emerge with the release of the expenditures for 1969/70 when R5,320,500 was allocated to the secret services, a 188 percent increase over the previous year with R4,063,000 allocated to the Prime Minister's office and Van den Bergh.〔 Military Intelligence's (MI) budget was reduced from R830,000 the previous year to a R39,000 a which would lead to continuous struggle for power between MI and BOSS throughout the seventies.〔 On 13 May 1969, Minister of the Interior S.L. Muller introduced the framework of the new service in the ''Public Service Amendment Bill'' which he said was responsible for co-ordination and would draw personnel from other security and intelligence organisations.〔 It outlined the control of the Bureau for State Security would rest with Prime Minister and that the civil service Public Service Commission would have no control over it powers, functions and duties.〔 A ''Government Notice No. 808'' on 16 May 1969 announced the Bureau for State Security's formation and came into being retrospectively on the 1 May as a department under the Prime Minister.〔 BOSS's function was stated as investigating matters of state security, collect and evaluate any information received and distribute the analysis when necessary throughout the government and secondly but more ambiguously, perform other functions and responsibilities when required.〔 The 19 May 1969 saw the introduction of the ''Security Services Special Account Bill'' and that would pass into law on 16 June 1969, and saw the use of money allocated to BOSS as confidential and not subjected to an audit by the Auditor-General as with other government departments.〔 The ''General Law Amendment Bill'' was introduced on 4 June 1969 and passed into law on 30 June, with two clause of interest to BOSS. One, the amendment of Officials Secrets Act to include BOSS and secondly, preventing the Prime Minister, Van den Bergh or cabinet ministers from giving evidence or producing documents in court that might prejudice State Security.〔 This caused outrage throughout the South African legal community as it could no longer protect citizens rights from the Executive.〔 In 5 September 1969, Prime Minister John Vorster formed a commission led by Justice H.J. Potgieter to establish the guidelines and mission for intelligence gathering by the Military Intelligence (later DMI) and the Bureau for State Security.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Prime Minister John Vorster appoints a Commission of Inquiry under Justice H.J. Potgieter, of The Appellate Division of the Sup )〕 The Commission to Inquire into Certain Intelligence Aspects of State Security, known better as the ''Potgieter Commission'' would investigate the clashes between the two organisations over who had primary responsibility for intelligence gathering in South Africa.〔 As the BOSS head Hendrik van den Bergh was a close ally of the Prime Minister, it was seen by Military Intelligence as a foregone conclusion that BOSS would achieve favour.〔 The Potgieter Commission reported back on the 2 February 1972 and the results were subsequently used to enact the ''Security Intelligence and State Security Council Act 64 of 1972'' on 24 May 1972.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=An abridged version of the security report by Justice H.J. Potgieter's Commission of Inquiry on State Security is submitted to )〕 The Act formalised the functions and the brief of BOSS while another part of this act would also established the formation of the State Security Council under the control of the cabinet and established it as the government's national centre for operational security.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South African Bureau of State Security」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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