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BKV Zrt.
BKV Zrt. (Budapest Transport Plc. – the abbreviation BKV stands for its earlier name ''Budapesti Közlekedési Vállalat''; ''Budapest Transport Company'', occasionally used up to these days) was established in 1968 as the unified public transport company of Budapest, with the merger of the companies responsible for the different means of public transport: tram and trolleybus operator FVV, bus operator FAÜ, suburban railway operator BHÉV and riverboat operator Hajózási Vállalat. The Metro was added in 1973.〔(VEKE : Negyven éves a BKV (Hungarian) )〕 The transport in Budapest underwent another reorganization in 2010 when BKK (''Budapesti Közlekedési Központ'', lit. Center for Transport in Budapest) was founded for the management of the city transport and infrastructure.〔(BKK.hu (English) )〕
Since then, BKV is the largest public transport contractor of the BKK, operating 4 metro, 5 HÉV, 33 tram, and 15 trolley bus lines, and most vehicles on the 231 local bus and 40 night bus lines.〔(BKV.hu (English) )〕
==Road vehicle operation ==
City-owned BKV runs most of the vehicles of the extensive network of surface mass transportation in Budapest, with the emphasis on buses. The 1200 buses in Budapest (the majority of which are Ikarus) circulate on 231 routes. The livery of buses used to be blue (grey above the window line), however, the newly acquired or refurbished low-floor buses are painted skyblue. Trolleybuses in red livery are operated on 15 lines. The night service is provided exclusively by buses. The articulated bus is a hallmark of Budapest; both diesel and ETB bendy vehicles have been running since the late 1950s and still form the majority of BKV's fleet.
In recent years, the bus service has been increasingly plagued by traffic jams as car use has increased and the narrow, congested streets of Budapest rarely allow for separate bus-lanes. Many motorists ignore bus-lane markings anyway, while few traffic lights fast-gate buses. The tough road conditions in Budapest incur continually high vehicle maintenance costs and inconvenience for bus passengers. Working conditions (esp. the age of the vehicles) and competitive wages are a serious issue as bus drivers are often lured to the trucking industry. Yet, the city council traditionally favours a bus service, owing to its flexibility and lower initial costs; some 150 brand new articulated buses were procured in 2004-2006.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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