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In Irish mythology, the Badb (Old Irish, ) or Badhbh (Modern Irish, )—meaning "crow"—is a war goddess who takes the form of a crow, and is thus sometimes known as Badb Catha ("battle crow"). She is known to cause fear and confusion among soldiers to move the tide of battle to her favoured side. Badb may also appear prior to a battle to foreshadow the extent of the carnage to come, or to predict the death of a notable person. She would sometimes do this through wailing cries, leading to comparisons with the bean-sídhe (banshee). With her sisters, Macha and the Morrígan, Badb is part of a trio of war goddesses known as the ''Morrígna''.〔(''Cath Maige Tuired'': The Second Battle of Mag Tuired ), Text 166, Author: Unknown〕〔Elizabeth A. Gray (ed. & trans.), ''(Cath Maige Tuired: The Second Battle of Mag Tuired )'', section 167, 1982〕 ==Representations in legends== In Irish legends, Badb is associated with war and death, appearing either to foreshadow imminent bloodshed or to participate in battles, where she creates confusion among the soldiers. As a harbinger of doom, she appears in a number of different guises. In ''Togail Bruidne Dá Derga'', she takes the form of an ugly hag who prophesies Conaire Mór's downfall. She appears in a similar guise in ''Togail Bruidne Dá Choca'' to foretell the slaying of Cormac Condloinges, as well as taking the form of a "washer at the ford"—a woman washing Cormac's chariot and harness in a ford in what was considered an omen of death.〔 The cries of Badb may also be an ill omen: Cormac's impending death is foreshadowed with the words "The red-mouthed badbs will cry around the house, / For bodies they will be solicitous" and "Pale badbs shall shriek".〔Hennessy, W. M., "The Ancient Irish Goddess of War", ''Revue Celtique'' 1, 1870–72, pp. 32–37〕 In this role she has much in common with the bean-sídhe. She was also regularly depicted as an active participant in warfare; indeed, the battlefield was sometimes referred to as "the garden of the Badb".〔 (reissue of ''Gods and Heroes of the Celts''. London: Methuen, 1949)〕 During the First Battle of Mag Tuired, Badb—along with her sisters, Macha and Morrígan—fights on the side of the Tuatha Dé Danann. Using their magic, the three sisters incite fear and confusion among the Fir Bolg army, conjuring "compact clouds of mist and a furious rain of fire" and allowing their enemies "neither rest nor stay for three days and nights".〔Fraser, J. (ed. & trans.), ("The First Battle of Moytura" ), ''Ériu'' 8, pp. 1–63, 1915〕 Badb plays a similar role in the Táin Bó Cúailnge, terrorising and disorienting the forces of Queen Medb and causing many to fall on their own weapons.〔 She would often take the form of a screaming raven or crow, striking fear into those who heard her, and could also be heard as a voice among the corpses on a battlefield.〔 Following the defeat of the Formorians by the Tuatha Dé Danann in the Second Battle of Mag Tuired, Badb (or the Morrígan daughter of Ernmas)〔 instead of predicting doom, now sings a prophecy celebrating the victory and a time of peace, ''Sith co nem. Nem co doman. Doman fo ním, nert hi cach, án Then she delivers a prophecy of the eventual end of the world, "foretelling every evil that would be therein, and every disease and every vengeance. Wherefore then she sang this lay below.":〔Elizabeth A. Gray (ed. & trans.), ''(Cath Maige Tuired: The Second Battle of Mag Tuired )'', section 167, 1982〕 I shall not see a world that will be dear to me. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Badb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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