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|Section2= |Section3= }} Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, originally isolated from the roots of ''Scutellaria baicalensis'' and ''Scutellaria lateriflora''. It is also reported in ''Oroxylum indicum'' or Indian trumpetflower. It is the aglycone of baicalin. Baicalein is one of the active ingredients of Sho-Saiko-To, a Japanese herbal supplement believed to enhance liver health. Baicalein, along with its analogue baicalin, is a positive allosteric modulator of the benzodiazepine site and/or a non-benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor. It displays subtype selectivity for α2 and α3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. In accordance, baicalein shows anxiolytic effects in mice without incidence of sedation or myorelaxation.〔〔 It is thought that baicalein, along with other flavonoids, may underlie the anxiolytic effects of ''S. baicalensis'' and ''S. lateriflora''. Baicalein is also an antagonist of the estrogen receptor, or an antiestrogen.〔 The flavonoid has been shown to inhibit certain types of lipoxygenases and act as an anti-inflammatory agent. It has antiproliferative effects on ET-1-induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via inhibition of TRPC1 channel expression.〔Yi-Ling Lin, Rong-Jyh Lin, Kuo-Pyng Shen, Zen-Kong Dai, Ing-Jun Chen, Jiunn-Ren Wu, Bin-Nan Wu, Baicalein, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, protects against endothelin-1-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via inhibition of TRPC1 channel expression, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 138, Issue 2, 18 November 2011, Pages 373-381, ISSN 0378-8741, 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.014. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874111006842)〕 Possible antidepressant effects have also been attributed to baicalein in animal research. Baicalein is an inhibitor of CYP2C9, an enzyme of the cytochrome P450 system that metabolizes drugs in the body. A derivative of baicalin is a known prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor. ==Glycosides== Tetuin is the 6-glucoside of baicalein. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Baicalein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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