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Bakarwal (or Bakharwal) is a nomadic tribe based in the Pir Panjal and Himalayan mountains of South Asia. They are mainly goatherds and shepherds. They are called as Dhangar in rest of India. == Etymology == 'Bakarwal' is derived from the Gojri/Urdu/Punjabi/Kashmiri/Dogri terms, ''bakra'' meaning goat or sheep, and ''wal'' meaning "one who takes care of". Essentially, the name "Bakarwal" implies "high-altitude goatherds/shepherds". The Bakarwals belong to the same ethnicity stock as the Gujjars, and inter-marriages don't take place among them. Although, Bakarwals have same ''gotra'' or clan like Gujjars, many local shepherds, who may not necessarily belong to the community, are often termed as Bakarwal. Economy and Society: The Gujar-Bakarwals have divided themselves into three principal kinship groups: (i) The dera (household), (ii) Dada-Porte (lineage), and the gotra (clan). The dera is the basic unit of social structure among the Gujjar-Bakarwals. They count their numbers and describe their grazing and qafila groups in terms of the number of deras. A dera usually comes into existence when a person establishes an independent household, which happens normally after his marriage. Each son, thus, establishes his own dera as he gets married. A dera usually consists of five to six members. There is a division of labour among the members of the household on the basis of sex and age. Females perform the domestic tasks of cooking, washing, fetching of water, upbringing of children, collection of wood, and spinning and making of woolen garments. On the other hand, males perform more arduous tasks like herding of flock and cattle, repairing of tools and equipment, collection of grass, herbs, deer-musk, hunting of wild animals, ploughing and harvesting of crops. The household is, thus, a primary economic unit. A nuclear family is the production and consumption unit. A joint family which is generally large cannot survive on the meagre pasture resource as the transhumance are on the move for about 110 to 130 days in a year. The elders want the eligible married youngsters to shoulder the responsibility of looking after the flock of sheep and goats independently. This would ensure greater security to the herds and sharing all responsible jobs by the adult members. Several deras (households) constitute a lineage (dada-potra). The pastures are allotted to the lineage and not to the individuals. In a lineage, there may be about two hundred persons. Usually, a Gujjar-Bakarwal father divides his property (animal wealth) among his male children as and when they get married. The lineage, thus, consists of several generations and includes cousins and distant relatives. They share the common pastures. The lineage unit is quite powerful administrative unit. Each lineage has a head who is responsible for the socio-economic and political activities of his group. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bakarwal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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