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''This article is about a neighbourhood in Istanbul'' Bakırköy is a neighborhood, municipality (belediye) and district on the European side of İstanbul, Turkey. The quarter is densely populated, has a residential character and is inhabited by an upper middle class population. The municipality of Bakırköy is much larger than the quarter and also includes several other neighborhoods, such as Yeşilköy, Yeşilyurt, Ataköy. Bakırköy lies between the highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy has a large psychiatric hospital called "Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi", and is an important shopping and commercial center. ==History== During the Byzantine times Bakırköy was a separate community outside Constantinople, a well-watered pleasant seaside retreat from the city, and was called Hebdomon (, "the Seventh", i.e. seven Roman miles from the Milion, the mile-marker monument of Constntinople). 〔Janin (1964), p. 446〕 Here - where nowadays the Ataköy Marina lies - Emperor Valens built one of the two imperial Palaces bearing the name of ''Magnaura'', while Justinian erected another Palace named ''Jucundianae'', also placed near the seaside.〔In this palace, also named ''Secundianae'', the Emperor used to meet his jurists during the compilation of the Corpus Juris Civilis. Janin (1964), p. 140〕 Two churches, dedicated respectively to St. John Baptist the Evangelist and to St. John Baptist the Forerunner, the latter hosting the head of the Saint and burial place of the Emperor Basil II, were also erected here. Hebdomon was a place of exercise and concentration of the Thracian army. It had a large Field of Mars, the ''Kampos tou Tribounaliou'' () in Latin ''Campus Tribunalis'', where several Emperors were elected through acclamation by the army.〔Janin (1964), p. 447〕 Among them were Valens, Arcadius, Honorius, Theodosius II, Phocas, Nikephoros II Phokas.〔 The Campus lay in the valley of ''Veli Efendi'', where now the horse race track is placed.〔Janin (1964), p. 448〕 The imperial court came often to the Hebdomon to attend military parades, to welcome the emperor coming back from campaign, and to pray in the large church of St. John Baptist the Forerunner.〔 Later the place was also named Makrohori ( "long village"), which was adapted to Makriköy ((トルコ語:Köy) "village") in the Ottoman period, when many large houses were built here. In 1925 the ancient denomination was changed to Bakırköy ("Copper village") because of the law which imposed to eliminate all place names of non-Turkish origin.〔Tuna (2004)〕 It was a district in Beyoğlu province between 1923 and 1926 and the district was also included present ones of Avcılar, Bağcılar, Bahçelievler, Başakşehir, Esenler, Güngören, Küçükçekmece, western boroghs of Zeytinburnu and small part of Arnavutköy one before 1957. It was the biggest district of Turkey before separation of Küçükçekmece one (Avcılar was included in and became the district in 1992) in 1987 and ones of Bağcılar, Bahçelievler and Güngören in 1992. Later Esenler district was formed from some boroughs from Bağcılar and Güngören in 1994 and Başakşehir one formed from some boroughs from Büyükçekmece (Bahçeşehir area), Esenler and Küçükçekmece in 2009. Also small area around villages of Şamlar part of newly founded Arnavutköy district. There is little remaining of historical significance in the area: what there is includes a cistern (Fildamı Sarnıcı),〔With dimensions of 127 m x 76 m and a depth of 11 m, this large open sky cistern was used to provide with water the imperial palaces of the Hebdomon. Its Turkish name ("Cistern of elephant's stable"), derives from its usage in the Ottoman Empire as a stable for the Sultan's elephants. Janin (1964), p. 205〕 a powder house from the 17th century (today used as ''Yunus Emre Kültür Merkezi'' in Ataköy), the Greek Orthodox church of Saint George (consecrated on May 2, 1832) and a Greek school, the central mosque and fountain of 1875, an Armenian Church and school and the resting place of the Muslim saint Zuhurat Baba, a Turkish soldier who died during the conquest of Constantinople. His resting place is often visited by women on Fridays. The seafront is now a popular location for tea gardens, clubs and restaurants, (although the beaches have not been usable for decades). Bakırköy became a popular residential area in the late 19th century after the construction of a railroad connection to İstanbul and up until the 1970s was one of the most relaxed and desirable locations in the city. It is still populated by Istanbul's upper middle-class (trades people, bureaucrats, the retired). Some parts of Bakırköy are very pleasant residential areas, particularly the streets from the hospital down towards the sea. The planned satellite town of Ataköy to the west of Bakırköy centre is very tidy indeed, and was probably Turkey's first successful planned development. Ataköy contains much social infrastructure including the Galleria shopping center and yacht marina. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bakırköy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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