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|''Eid al-Adha''|}} |image = Eid Blessings WDL6855.png |caption = Blessings for Eid Al-Adha. |observedby = Muslims and Druze〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Eid al-Adha celebrated differently by Druze, Alawites )〕 |type = Islamic |longtype = Islamic |significance = * * |begins = 10 Dhu al-Hijjah |ends = 13 Dhu al-Hijjah |date2014 = 5 October |date2015 = 24 September |date2016 = 11 September |celebrations = * Firstly offering Eid salat in Eid gah * * * Wearing clean clothes * Gift-giving * Giving money/gifts to kids as a token of love * Helping the poor by giving foods, money, meat and clothes in the name of jakath |observances = * Eid prayers * * * |relatedto = }} Eid al-Adha ((アラビア語:عيد الأضحى) ', (:ʕiːd ælˈʔɑdˤħæ), "''Festival of the Sacrifice''"), also called the Sacrifice Feast or Bakr-Eid, is the second of two religious holidays celebrated by Muslims worldwide each year. It honors the willingness of Abraham (''Ibrahim'') to sacrifice his son, as an act of submission to God's command, before God then intervened, through his angel Jibra'il and informs him that his sacrifice has already been accepted. The meat from the sacrificed animal is preferred to be divided into three parts. The family retains one third of the share; another third is given to relatives, friends and neighbors; and the remaining third is given to the poor and needy. In the lunar-based Islamic calendar, ''Eid al-Adha'' falls on the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah and lasts for four days.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Religion & Ethics – Eid el Adha )〕 In the international (Gregorian) calendar, the dates vary from year to year, drifting approximately 11 days earlier each year. Eid al-Adha is the latter of the two Eid holidays, the former being Eid al-Fitr. The word "Eid" appears once in Al-Ma'ida, the fifth sura of the Quran, with the meaning "solemn festival". Like Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha begins with a ''Sunnah'' prayer of two rakats followed by a sermon (''khutbah''). Eid al-Adha celebrations start after the descent of the ''Hujjaj'', the pilgrims performing the ''Hajj'', from Mount Arafat, a hill east of Mecca. Eid sacrifice may take place until sunset on the 13th day of Dhu al-Hijjah.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Slaughtering on all days of Tashrîq | IslamToday – English )〕 The days of Eid have been singled out in the Hadith as "days of remembrance". The takbir (days) of Tashriq are from the Fajr prayer of the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah up to the Asr prayer of the 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah (5 days and 4 nights). This equals 23 prayers: 5 on the 9th–12th, which equals 20, and 3 on the 13th.〔This includes the Friday congregational prayer if it falls within these days. There is no harm in saying it after the Eid al-Adha prayer.〕 ==Other names== The Arabic term "festival of the sacrifice", ' is borrowed into Indo-Aryan languages such as Urdu, Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, and Austronesian languages such as Malay and Indonesian (the last often spelling it as ''Aidil Adha'' or ''Idul Adha''). Another Arabic word for "sacrifice" is ''Qurbani'' ((アラビア語:قربان).) The Semitic root Q-R-B (Hebrew ק-ר-ב) means "to be close to someone/something"; other words from the root include ''karov,'' "close", and ''kerovim,'' "relatives." The senses of root meaning "to offer" suggest that the act of offering brings one closer to the receiver of the offering (here, God). The same stem is found in Hebrew and for example in the Akkadian language noun ''aqribtu'' "act of offering." Both Hebrew and Arabic stem from Aramaic. ''Eid al-Kabir'', an Arabic term meaning "the Greater Eid" (the "Lesser Eid" being Eid al-Fitr), is used in Yemen, Syria, and North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt). The term was borrowed directly into French as ''Aïd el-Kebir''. Translations of "Big Eid" or "Greater Eid" are used in Pashto (لوی اختر ''Loy Axtar''), Kashmiri (''Baed Eid''), Urdu and Hindi (''Baṛī Īd''), Tamil (''Peru Nāl'', "Great Day") and Malayalam (''Bali Perunnal'', "Great Day of Sacrifice"). Albanian, however, uses ''Bajram(i) i vogël'' or "the Lesser Eid" (as opposed to ''Bajram i Madh'', the "Greater Eid", for Eid al-Fitr) as an alternative reference to Eid al-Adha. The festival is also called "Bakr-Eid" in Urdu and Hindustani languages (, ''baqr `īd''), stemming from the Arabic word al-Baqara meaning "The Cow", although some have wrongly attributed it to the Urdu and Hindustani word ''bakrī'', meaning "goat", because of the tradition of sacrificing a goat in South Asia on this festival. This term is also borrowed into other Indian languages, such as Tamil ''Bakr `Īd Peru Nāl''. Some names refer to the fact that the holiday occurs after the culmination of the annual ''Hajj''. Such names are used in Malaysian and Indonesian (''Hari Raya Haji'' "Hajj celebration day",〔〔〔 ''Lebaran Haji'', ''Lebaran Kaji''), and Tamil (''Hajji Peru Nāl''). It's also known as ''Id ul Baqarah'' in Egypt, Saudi Arabia and in the Middle East, as ''Eid è Qurbon'' in Iran, ''Kurban Bayrami'' ("the Holiday of Sacrifice") in Turkey, ''Baqarah Eid'' in India, Pakistan and Trinidad, ''Eid el-Kebir'' in Morocco, ''Tfaska Tamoqqart'' in the Berber language of Jerba, ''Iduladha'' or ''Qurban'' in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines, ''Qurbani Eid'' in Bangladesh, ''Bakr-Id'' ("Goat Eid") in parts of Pakistan and India and ''Tabaski'' or ''Tobaski'' in Senegal and West Africa (most probably borrowed from the Serer language — an ancient Serer religious festival〔Diouf, Niokhobaye , ''« Chronique du royaume du Sine »'', suivie de notes sur les traditions orales et les sources écrites concernant le royaume du Sine par Charles Becker et Victor Martin (1972), . (1972). Bulletin de l'IFAN, tome 34, série B, no 4, 1972, p. 706-7 (p. 4-5), p. 713-14 (p. 9-10)〕〔« Cosaani Sénégambie » (« L’Histoire de la Sénégambie») : 1ere Partie relatée par Macoura Mboub du Sénégal. 2eme Partie relatée par Jebal Samba de la Gambie () programme de Radio Gambie: ''« Chosaani Senegambia »''. Présentée par: Alhaji Mansour Njie. Directeur de programme: Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof. Enregistré a la fin des années 1970, au début des années 1980 au studio de Radio Gambie, Bakau, en Gambie (2eme partie) et au Sénégal (1ere partie) () onegambia.com () The Seereer Resource Centre (SRC) (« le Centre de Resource Seereer ») : URL: www.seereer.com. Traduit et transcrit par The Seereer Resource Centre : Juillet 2014 () p. 30 (retrieved: September 25, 2015)〕〔Brisebarre, Anne-Marie; Kuczynski, Liliane, ''« La Tabaski au Sénégal: une fête musulmane en milieu urbain »'', KARTHALA Editions (2009), pp 86-7, ISBN 9782811102449 () (retrieved : September 25, 2015)〕〔Becker, Charles; Martin, Victor; Ndène, Aloyse, ''« Traditions villageoises du Siin »'', (Révision et édition par Charles Becker) (2014), p 41〕), ''Babbar Sallah'' in Hausa language, ''Pagdiriwang ng Sakripisyo'' in Filipino and ''ciida gawraca'' in Somali. Eid al-Adha has had other names outside the Muslim world. The name is often simply translated into the local language, such as English ''Feast of the Sacrifice'', German ''Opferfest'', Dutch ''Offerfeest'', Romanian ''Sărbătoarea Sacrificiului'', and Hungarian ''Áldozati ünnep''. In Spanish it is known as ''Fiesta del Cordero''〔''(La Fiesta del Cordero en Marruecos )'', Ferdaous Emorotene, 25 November 2009〕 or ''Fiesta del Borrego''〔''(La Fiesta del Borrego, la fiesta de todos )'', Silvia Perdiguero, ''El faro digital'', 17 October 2013.〕 (both meaning "festival of the lamb"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eid al-Adha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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