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Bar Hebraeus
Gregory Bar Hebraeus (1226 – 30 July 1286), previously known by his Latin name Abulpharagius, was a ''catholicos'' (bishop) of the Syriac Orthodox Church in the 13th century. He is noted for his works addressing philosophy, poetry, language, history, and theology;〔Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 5〕 he has been called "one of the most learned and versatile men from the Syriac Orthodox Church" (Dr. William Wright).
He collected in his numerous and elaborate treatises the results of such research in theology, philosophy, science and history as was in his time possible in Syria. Most of his works were written in Syriac.〔 However he also wrote some in Arabic, which had become the common language in his day.
==Name==
It is not clear when or why that he took the Christian name Gregory ( ''Grigorios'', '), but it may have occurred at the time of his consecration as bishop.〔(Budge, E.A.W., ''The Chronography of Gregory Abu'l Faraj, The Son of Aaron, The Hebrew Physician Commonly Known as Bar Hebraeus Being the First Part of His Political History of the World''. London: Oxford University Press. 1932 )〕 Throughout his life, he was often referred to by the Syriac nickname Bar ʿEbrāyā (, which is pronounced and often transliterated as Bar ʿEbroyo in the West Syriac dialect of the Syriac Orthodox Church), giving rise to the Latinised name Bar Hebraeus. This nickname refers to his Jewish background, which means 'Son of the Hebrew'. His father was a Jewish physician. The name does refer to the place of his birth as well, ʿEbrā, where the old road east of Malatya towards Kharput (modern Elazığ) and Amida (Mesopotamia) (modern Diyarbakır) crossed the Euphrates.〔A few Syriac sources give Bar-Hebraeus's full Arabic name as ((アラビア語:جمال الدين ابو الفرج غريغوريوس بن تاج الدين هارون بن توما الملطي)). However, all references to this longer name are posthumous. The Syriac nickname Bar ʿEbrāyā is sometimes arabised as Ibn al-ʿIbrī ((アラビア語:ابن العبري)). E.A.W. Budge says Bar Hebraeus was given the baptismal name John (, ''(unicode:Yōḥanan)''), but this may be a scribal error. As a Syriac bishop, Bar Hebraeus is often given the honorific Mār (, pronounced Mor in West Syriac dialect), and thus Mar/Mor Gregory.〕 He is also known as Abu'l Faraj (in Latin, Abulpharagius).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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