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Bardia,〔, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency〕 or El Burdi ((アラビア語:البردية or البردي)) is a Mediterranean seaport in the Butnan District of eastern Libya. It is also seldom known as ''Bórdi Slemán''.〔, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency〕 ==History== In Roman times the town was known as Petras Maior.〔Stern, Robert Cecil (2007) ''The hunter hunted: submarine versus submarine : encounters from World War I'' Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, (note 15 of Chapter 13, page 205, from page 94 ), ISBN 978-1-59114-379-6〕 During World War I, German U-boats made several landings in the port of Bardia in support of the Senussi order during their revolt against British and Italian colonial rule.〔Hans Werner Neulen: ''Feldgrau in Jerusalem''. 2. Aufl., Universitas, München 2002, S. 100 ff., ISBN 3-8004-1437-6.〕 During World War II, it was the site of a major Italian fortification, invested by the XXIII Corps under the command of General Annibale Bergonzoli.〔Collier, Richard (1977) ''The War in the Desert'' Time-Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia, p. 29, ISBN 0-7835-5721-3 and Time-Life Books (1990) ''Afrikakorps'' Time-Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia, p. 15, ISBN 0-8094-6983-9〕 On 21 June 1940, the town was bombarded by the 7th Cruiser Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet. The bombardment force consisted of the , British cruisers and , the Australia cruiser , and the destroyers HMS ''Dainty'', ''Decoy,'' ''Hasty,'' and .〔http://www.sydneymemorial.com/history.htm, and Jürgen Rohwer (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea, 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-119-8, p.29〕 However the bombardment is reported to have only caused minimal damage. The town was taken during Operation Compass by Commonwealth forces consisting mainly of the Australian 6th Division in fighting over 3–5 January 1941. The Axis later reoccupied the town and set up a prisoner of war camp there. On 2 January 1942, Bardia was re-taken by the South African 2nd Infantry Division, led by 1st Battalion, Royal Durban Light Infantry,〔 supported by the New Zealand Divisional Cavalry Regiment. The South Africans, many of them allegedly ill-trained and ill-equipped police, lost approximately 160 men, but the operation freed about 1,150〔 Allied prisoners of war (including 650 New Zealanders) and took some 8,500 Axis prisoners (German and Italian).〔Loughman, R. J. M. (1963) ("Chapter 9: The Capture of Bardia" ) ''Divisional Cavalry'' War History Branch, New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs, Wellington, New Zealand, pp. 149–168〕〔 Bardia again changed hands in June 1942, being re-occupied by Axis forces for a third time, but was abandoned without contest in November following the Allied victory at El Alamein.〔 Bardia is the location of a unique mural created during World War II, a favorite site to visit by tourists, known as the Bardia Mural.〔Simmonds, Donald ("Bardiyah (Bardia) Masterpiece" )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bardia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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