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Barotrauma : ウィキペディア英語版
Barotrauma

Barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with the body, and the surrounding fluid.
Barotrauma typically occurs when the organism is exposed to a significant change in ambient pressure, such as when a scuba diver, a free-diver or an airplane passenger ascends or descends, or during uncontrolled decompression of a pressure vessel, but can also be caused by a shock wave. Whales and dolphins are also vulnerable to barotrauma if exposed to rapid and excessive changes in diving pressures.〔Deafwhale Society (deafwhale.com)〕
== Types of injury ==
Examples of organs or tissues easily damaged by barotrauma are:
* middle ear (barotitis or aerotitis)〔〔
* paranasal sinuses〔〔〔 (causing Aerosinusitis)
* lungs〔〔
* eyes〔〔 (the unsupportive air space is inside the diving mask)
* skin〔〔 (when wearing a diving suit which creates an air space)
* brain and cranium (temporal lobe injury secondary to temporal bone rupture)〔http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/reprint/26/5/1218.pdf Barotrauma Presenting as Temporal Lobe Injury Secondary to Temporal Bone Rupture - AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26:1218–1219, May 2005〕
* teeth (causing Barodontalgia, i.e. barometric pressure related dental pain, or dental fractures)
*genital (squeeze and associated complications of ''P-valve'' use)

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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