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''Tilia'' is a genus of about 30 species of trees native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. Commonly called lime trees in the British Isles, they are not closely related to the lime fruit. Other names include linden and basswood. The genus occurs in Europe and eastern North America, but the greatest species diversity is found in Asia. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus into the Malvaceae. ''Tilia'' species are mostly large, deciduous trees, reaching typically tall, with oblique-cordate leaves across. As with elms, the exact number of species is uncertain, as many if not most of the species will hybridise readily, both in the wild and in cultivation. Limes are hermaphroditic, having perfect flowers with both male and female parts, pollinated by insects. ==Name== The genus is generally called ''lime'' or ''linden'' in Britain〔Brown, Lesley (ed.). 2002. ''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. 1, A–M. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 1600.〕 and ''linden'', ''lime'', or ''basswood'' in North America.〔''Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.'' 2000. Electronic version 2.5. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated.〕 "Lime" is an altered form of Middle English ''lind'', in the 16th century also ''line'', from Old English feminine ''lind'' or ''linde'', Proto-Germanic '' *lendā'', cognate to Latin ''lentus'' "flexible" and Sanskrit ''latā'' "liana". Within Germanic languages, English "lithe", German ''lind'' "lenient, yielding" are from the same root. "Linden" was originally the adjective, "made from lime-wood" (equivalent to "wooden"); from the late 16th century, "linden" was also used as a noun, probably influenced by translations of German romance, as an adoption of ''Linden'', the plural of German ''Linde''.〔OED〕 Neither the name nor the tree is related to the citrus fruit called "lime" (''Citrus aurantifolia'', family Rutaceae). Another common name used in North America is basswood, derived from ''bast'', the name for the inner bark (see Uses, below). Teil is an old name for the lime tree. Latin ''tilia'' is cognate to Greek πτελέᾱ, ''ptelea'', "elm tree", τιλίαι, ''tiliai'', "black poplar" (Hes.), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European word '' *ptel-ei̯ā'' with a meaning of "broad" (feminine); perhaps "broad-leaved" or similar.〔IEW〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tilia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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