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Bdellovibrio
''Bdellovibrio'' is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacteria. One of the more notable characteristics of this genus is that members parasitize other Gram-negative bacteria by entering into their periplasmic space and feeding on the biopolymers, e.g. proteins and nucleic acids, of their hosts. After entering the periplasmic space of its host the ''Bdellovibrio'' bacterium forms a structure called a bdelloplast, which modifies both predator's and prey's cells. The predator cell can remain dormant at this stage, without affecting the viability of the host. In most cases, though, ''Bdellovibrio'' devours its prey and moves on. Because of this, ''Bdellovibrio'' can be considered bacterial predators, in addition to parasites.
''Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus'' was first described by Stolp and Petzold in 1962. Two other species, ''Bdellovibrio starrii'' and ''Bdellovibrio stolpii'', have been moved to a separate genus ''Bacteriovorax''.
==Appearance==
Under the microscope, a ''Bdellovibrio'' appears as a comma-shaped motile rod that is about 0.3–0.5 by 0.5–1.4 µm in size with a barely discernible flagellum. Colonies of ''Bdellovibrio'' show up as a growing clear plaque in an ''E. coli'' lawn.
Another notable feature of ''Bdellovibrio'' is the sheath that covers its flagellum. This is a rare characteristic among bacteria. Flagellar motility stops after''Bdellovibrio'' penetrates its prey. In some cases the flagella is shed; in others it protrudes from the outer membrane of the prey cell.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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